Table 1.
Positive probiotic effects on some blood parameters in selected in vivo human studies.
| Altered Blood Parameters | Type of Probiotic | Physiological/ Pathological Condition |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ Postprandial blood glucose |
Lacticaseibacillus casei 01 (paraprobiotic) |
None | [42] |
| ↓ FPG |
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
T2D | [43] |
|
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
Metabolic syndrome | [44] | |
| Bifidobacterium longum APC1472 | Healthy overweight/obese | [45] | |
| Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] | |
| Ecologic® Barrier (multi-strain probiotics) |
T2D | [47] | |
| Lactobacillus casei 01 | T2D | [48] | |
| Lactobacillus casei | T2D | [49] | |
| ↓ HbA1c |
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
T2D | [50] |
| Lactobacillus reuteri ADR-1 | T2D | [51] | |
| “Symbiter” (multi-strain) | T2D | [52] | |
|
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
T2D | [43] | |
|
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
T2D | [53] | |
| HOMA-IR improvement (reduction) |
Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] |
| “Symbiter” (multi-strain) | T2D | [52] | |
| Ecologic® Barrier (multi-strain probiotics) |
T2D | [47] | |
| Lactobacillus casei 01 | T2D | [48] | |
| Lactobacillus casei | T2D | [49] | |
|
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
Metabolic syndrome | [44] | |
| ↓ Fructosamine |
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
T2D | [50] |
| ↓ Fasting insulin levels | Ecologic® Barrier (multi-strain probiotics) |
T2D | [47] |
| Lactobacillus casei | T2D | [49] | |
| Lactobacillus casei 01 | T2D | [48] | |
|
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
Metabolic syndrome | [44] | |
| Insulin sensitivity improvement (↑ ISI, QUICKI test or others) |
Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 | T2D | [54] |
| Ecologic® Barrier (multi-strain probiotics) |
T2D | [47] | |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM | T2D | [55] | |
| Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] | |
|
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
Metabolic syndrome | [44] | |
| ↓ Ghrelin | Bifidobacterium longum APC1472 | Healthy overweight/obese | [45] |
| ↓ Cortisol | Bifidobacterium longum APC1472 | Healthy overweight/obese | [45] |
| ↓ Glycoalbumin | Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] |
| ↓ Fetuin-A | Lactobacillus casei 01 | T2D | [48] |
| Lactobacillus casei | T2D | [49] | |
| ↑ SIRTs | Lactobacillus casei 01 | T2D | [48] |
| Lactobacillus casei | T2D | [49] | |
| ↓ IL-6 | Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] |
| Ecologic® Barrier (multi-strain probiotics) |
T2D | [47] | |
| ↓ TNF-α | “Symbiter” (multi-strain) | T2D | [52] |
| Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] | |
|
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 |
T2D | [50] | |
| Ecologic® Barrier (multi-strain probiotics) |
T2D | [47] | |
| ↓ IL-1β | “Symbiter” (multi-strain) | T2D | [52] |
| Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] | |
| Lactobacillus reuteri ADR-3 | T2D | [51] | |
| ↓ MCP-1 | Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 | Pre-diabetic | [46] |
T2D: type 2 diabetes; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: glycohemoglobin; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; ISI: insulin sensitivity index; HFD: high-fat diet; QUICKI: quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; OGTT: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test; SIRTs: sirtuins; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-1β: interleukin 1 beta; TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor alpha; MCP-1: monocyte chemotactic protein-1; ↓: decrease; ↑: increase.