Table 2.
Analysis in subgroups of the effect of soy isoflavones on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.
| Lumbar Spine BMD | Femoral Neck BMD | Total Hip BMD | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | n | N | WMD (95% CI), p |
Q Test, p |
n | N | WMD (95% CI), p |
Q Test, p |
n | N | WMD (95% CI), p |
Q Test, p |
| Overall | ||||||||||||
| 18 | 2350 | 1.63 (0.51; 2.75), 0.004 | 252.34, 0.000 | 11 | 1321 | 1.87 (0.14; 3.60), 0.034 |
163.98, 0,000 | 10 | 1157 | 0.39 (0.08; 0.69), 0.013 | 2.62, 0.97 | |
| Populations | ||||||||||||
| Asian | 5 | 766 | 0.80 (−0.18; 1.77), 0.111 | 14.1296, 0.0069 | 4 | 367 | 0.32 (−1.08; 1.30), 0.515 | 3.9466, 0.2674 | 4 | 590 | 0.35 (−0.06; 0.76), 0.092 | 1.0289, 0.7943 |
| Western | 13 | 1584 | 1.91 (0.35; 3,47), 0.017 | 14.1296, 0.0069 | 7 | 954 | 2.45 (−0.09; 4.99), 0.059 | 144.1531, 0.0000 | 6 | 567 | 0.44 (−0.02; 0.91), 0.061 | 1.4452, 0.9192 |
| Years since menopause | ||||||||||||
| ≤5 years | 7 | 798 | 0.52 (−0.20; 1.24), 0.161 | 16.0434, 0.0135 | 5 | 516 | 0.64 (−0.29; 1.57), 0.178 | 6.5691, 0.1605 | 4 | 474 | 0.40 (−0.03; 0.83), 0.068 | 2.0062, 0.5711 |
| 5–10 years | 6 | 1109 | 2.93 (0.14; 5.71), 0.039 | 176.8500, 0.0000 | 4 | 648 | 4.00 (−0.38; 8.39), 0.073 | 128.3974, 0.0000 | 4 | 526 | 0.37 (−0.12; 0.85), 0.136 | 0.5698, 0.9033 |
| ≥10 years | 5 | 443 | 0.81 (0.07; 1.56), 0.033 | 3.7921, 0.4349 | 2 | 157 | 0.01 (−1.10; 1.11), 0.993 | 0.1128, 0.7369 | 2 | 157 | 0.39 (−0.61; 1.40), 0.445 | 0.0282, 0.8667 |
| Period of observation | ||||||||||||
| <12 months | 5 | 283 | 0.95 (−0.20; 2.10), 0.106 | 9.2890, 0.0543 | 3 | 172 | 0.91 (−0.39; 2.20), 0.169 | 1.2182, 0.5438 | 3 | 172 | 0.50 (−0.29; 1.29), 0.216 | 0.4841; 0.7850 |
| 12 months | 7 | 799 | 1.04 (0.00; 2.07), 0.049 | 84.5048, 0.0000 | 4 | 325 | 1.40 (−1.43; 4.24), 0.332 | 44.2279, 0.0000 | 3 | 285 | 0.21 (−0.33; 0.75), 0.446 | 0.1145; 0.9444 |
| 24 months | 6 | 1268 | 2.79 (0.24; 5.34), 0.032 | 131.8048, 0.0000 | 4 | 824 | 1.92 (−2.34; 6.19), 0.377 | 146.2043, 0.0000 | 4 | 700 | 0.46 (0.04; 0.88), 0.032 | 1.4181; 0.7013 |
| Type of supplement | ||||||||||||
| genistein | 3 | 491 | 6.63 (1.61; 11.64), 0.010 | 52.3530, 0.0000 | 3 | 491 | 5.67 (0.87; 10.47), 0.021 | 41.1603, 0.0000 | ||||
| Isof extract | 7 | 1098 | 0.37 (−0.19; 0.94), 0.197 | 11.0512, 0.0868 | 6 | 699 | 0.22 (−0.39; 0.82), 0.486 | 6.4699, 0.2631 | 7 | 964 | 0.39 (0.06; 0.72), 0.0216 | 2.4611; 0.8728 |
| Isof food | 8 | 761 | 0.40 (−0.07; 0.87), 0.094 | 6.9289, 0.4363 | 2 | 131 | 0.29 (−0.84; 1.42), 0.615 | 0.5555, 0.4561 | 3 | 193 | 0.39 (−0.48; 1.25), 0.379 | 0.1542; 0.9258 |
| The dose of isof | ||||||||||||
| <90 mg/d | 9 | 966 | 2.69 (0.44; 4.93), 0.019 | 198.2354; 0.0000 | 5 | 748 | 3.07 (−0.59; 6.72), 0.100 | 137.7879; 0.0000 | 4 | 361 | 0.22 (−0.26; 0.70), 0.377 | 0.0646; 0.9957 |
| ≥90 mg/d | 9 | 1384 | 0.58 (0.08; 1.08), 0.022 | 14.4621; 0.1068 | 6 | 573 | 0.53 (−0.18; 1.24), 0.143 | 7.7546; 0.2566 | 6 | 796 | 0.47 (0.07; 0.88), 0.020 | 1.4899; 0.9602 |
Abbreviations: isof, isoflavones; n, number of studies; N, number of women; WMD, weighted mean difference (%); CI, confidence interval.