FIGURE 4.

Taxonomic differences in the fecal microbiota of patients with CD between different subgroups during ADA therapy. Relative proportions of bacterial phyla were compared between pre-ADA and post-ADA (A), and statistically analyzed among typical phyla (B). Meanwhile, the relative abundance of bacterial phyla was also compared in between Pre-ADA-R, Post-ADA-R, Pre-ADA-NR, and Post-ADA-NR (C). (D) Firmicutes, (E) Proteobacteria, (F) Bacteroidetes, (G) Fusobacteriota, and (H) Actinobacteriota; *p < 0.05; ns, not significant. Pre-ADA-R, responsive pre-adalimumab samples; Post-ADA-R, responsive post-adalimumab samples Pre-ADA-NR, nonresponsive pre-adalimumab samples; Post-ADA-NR, nonresponsive post-adalimumab samples.