Table 2.

Features of some Crispr-based diagnostic platforms

Diagnostic platform	Cas protein involved	Approximate assay time	Preamplification method	Readout	Detection	References
NASBACC	Cas9	2-h amplification + 1 h (results)	NASBA	Colorimetry	Zika VIRUS	Pardee et al. 2016
CAS-EXPAR	Cas9	1 h	EXPAR	Fluorescence	L.monocytogenes; DNA methylation	Huang et al. 2018
CRISPR-Chip	Cas9	15 min	-	Electrochemical	DNA mutations in Duchenne muscular dystrophy	Hajian et al. 2019
Paired dCAS9 (PC) reporter system	dCas9	< 1-h ramplification + few minutes (results)	PCR	Luminescence	M. tuberculosis	Zhang et al. 2017; Zhang et al. 2021
FELUDA	dFnCas9	1 h	RT-RPA, RT-PCR	Lateral flow assay, smartphone app	Detection of SNV, SARS-CoV2	Azhar et al. 2021
SHERLOCK	Cas13	2-h amplification + 30 min–3 h (results)	RPA, RT-RPA	Fluorescence	Zika virus, dengue virus, HIV, pathogenic bacteria	Gootenberg et al. 2017
SHERLOCKv2	Cas13	30 min amplification + 30 min–3 h (results)	RPA	Fluorescence, lateral flow assay	Zika virus, dengue virus, SNP, bacteria	Gootenberg et al. 2018
DETECTR	Cas12a	10-min amplification + 1 h (results)	RPA	Fluorescence	HPV16, HPV18	Chen et al. 2018
HOLMES	LbCas12a	45-min amplification + 15-min results	PCR	Fluorescence	Japanese encephalitis virus	Li et al. 2018
HOMESv2	AacCas12b	30-min amplification + 30-min (results)	LAMP	Fluorescence	Japanese encephalitis virus, DNA methylation	Li et al. 2019a, b
STOPcovid	Cas12b	1 h	RT-LAMP	Fluorescence, lateral flow assay	SARS-CoV2	Joung et al. 2020
CARMEN	LwCas13a	20-min amplification + 3 h (results)	PCR/RPA	Fluorescence	Drug-resistant HIV mutations, SARS-Cov2, subtyping influenza strain, human-associated viruses	Ackerman et al. 2020
CRISPR-Cas12a-powered visual biosensor	Cas12a	1-h amplification + 30 min (readout)	RT-PCR	Colorimetry, smartphone app	SARS-CoV2	Ma et al. 2022
E-CRISPR	Cas12a	30 min–3 h	–	Electrochemical	HPV-16, PB19, TGF-β protein	Dai et al. 2019