Figure 1.

Wrap restraint stress exacerbates OXA induced colitis in mice. Mice received a 7-day WRS and then colitis was induced by 1% OXA enema. (A) Schematic diagram of WRS and OXA induced colitis. (B) Weight changes at day 1 after 1% OXA enema of WRS and control mice. (C, D) Colon length at day 1 after 1% OXA enema of WRS and control mice. (E, F) Representative HE staining [×20] and pathological score of inflamed colon tissue. (G, H) Flow cytometry analysis of colonic CD45+CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophil subsets in WRS and control mice at day 1 after 1% OXA enema. (I, J) qPCR of Il-6 and Tnf-α mRNA of colonic tissues in WRS and control mice at day 1 after 1% OXA enema. (K) Immunoblot for ZO-1 and occludin in the colonic tissue of WRS and control mice at day 1 after 1% OXA enema. Data are representative of at least two independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. **p <0.01; ****p <0.0001.