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. 2022 Aug 25;12:14549. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18554-5

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© The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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By incremental movement of the switched low impulse force fields the line can be dynamically (a) moved, (b) rotated or reshaped into (c) an arc or (d) a circle. A line can also be manipulated in two halves. (e) shows the line being split into two half lines and rotating in opposite directions while (f) shows one half line being rotated whilst the other half is held in location to form an ‘L’ shape like that shown in Fig. 3d. The blue scale bar is 1 mm. These operations can be seen happening in Supplementary Video 4.