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. 2022 Aug 25;12:14490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18773-w

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© The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022

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(a) Total amount of N fertiliser used in agriculture per country (MtN); (b) fertilisation rate, N fertiliser applied per hectare of cropland (kgN/ha); (c) Estimated GHG emissions from N fertiliser manufacturing, transportation, and field use (MtCO2e); (d) N fertiliser carbon intensity, GHG emissions per unit of N used (tCO2e/tN); (e) N fertiliser carbon footprint per capita (tCO2e/capita); (f) global N fertiliser GHG emissions from manufacturing, transportation, and field use (tCO2e), black bars indicate the standard deviation. Reference year for all figures is 2018.