FIGURE 2.

Effects of Donepezil, MPH, and R. officinalis on spatial memory in AlCl₃-induced mice models using the Morris water maze test. (A) Graph demonstrates escape latency (sec) of the experimental groups, (B) number of platform crossings by the study groups, (C) number of entries in the target quadrant, and (D) time (sec) spent in the target quadrant during the probe trial. One-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni comparison test (mean ± SEM) was applied to analyze the data using GraphPad Prism. n = 8. ^*** p < 0.001, ^** p < 0.01, ^* p < 0.05.