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. 2022 Aug 12;12:927193. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.927193

Figure 5.

Figure 5

The intracellular DAMPs is released to the outside of the cell and can recognize PRR on surrounding neutrophils, and in turn, activate PAD4 to promote NET formation. NETs components, such as DNA and H3 histones, can further activate macrophages and endothelial cells, releasing more DAMPs out of the cell to amplify the inflammatory cascade.