Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of study participants.
| Controls | CBTs | PTs | NFTs | CBT-NFTs | PT-NFTs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age and sex | ||||||
| Sex (M/F) | 8/12 | 10/8 | 5/8 | 12/8 | 8/8 | 4/6 |
| Age (SD) | 58.9 (9.81) | 57.0 (12.82) | 59.9 (12.72) | 61.4 (10.12) | 63.6 (9.32) | 57.8 (11.32) |
| Diagnosis | ||||||
| None | 3 | 12 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 1 |
| Mild disc degeneration | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 5 |
| Mild idiopathic scoliosis | 12 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 5 |
| Mild spondylolisthesis | 1 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 0 |
| Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| Medications (total number) | ||||||
| None | 0 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 0 |
| NSAIDs | 20 | 10 | 5 | 14 | 7 | 4 |
| Acetaminophen | 10 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 3 | 3 |
| Pregabalin/mirogabalin | 7 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 2 | 3 |
| Tramadol hydrochloride | 8 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Duloxetine | 8 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Durations | ||||||
| Under 1 years (early-chronic) | 7 | 7 | 5 | 13 | 8 | 4 |
| Over 1 years (late-chronic) | 13 | 11 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 6 |
| Job | ||||||
| Employed | 4 | 5 | 4 | 12 | 6 | 3 |
| Unemployed | 16 | 13 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 7 |
| Househeld | ||||||
| Alone | 13 | 14 | 3 | 12 | 10 | 2 |
| With family | 7 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 8 |