TABLE 2.
Characteristics, medical history, presentation and in-hospital adverse events (AEs) of the 3362 hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection and concomitant pulmonary embolism (PE) in Germany in 2020 stratified for the presence of in-hospital mortality
| Survivors | Nonsurvivors | p-value | |
| Patients | 2398 (71.3) | 964 (28.7) | |
| Age (years) | 67.0 (57.0–79.0) | 75.0 (65.0–82.0) | 0.001* |
| Age ≥70 years | 1097 (45.7) | 620 (64.3) | <0.001* |
| Female | 971 (40.5) | 329 (34.1) | 0.001* |
| In-hospital stay (days) | 12.0 (7.0–22.0) | 11.0 (5.0–19.0) | 0.001* |
| VTE risk factors | |||
| Obesity | 197 (8.2) | 102 (10.6) | 0.032* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 544 (22.7) | 317 (32.9) | <0.001* |
| Thrombophilia | 27 (1.1) | 17 (1.8) | 0.178 |
| Surgery | 849 (35.4) | 549 (57.0) | <0.001* |
| Cancer | 135 (5.6) | 82 (8.5) | 0.003* |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Coronary artery disease | 233 (9.7) | 142 (14.7) | <0.001* |
| Peripheral artery disease | 43 (1.8) | 43 (4.5) | <0.001* |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 293 (12.2) | 272 (28.2) | <0.001* |
| COPD | 121 (5.0) | 80 (8.3) | 0.001* |
| Chronic renal insufficiency# | 202 (8.4) | 142 (14.7) | <0.001* |
| Essential arterial hypertension | 1125 (46.9) | 449 (46.6) | 0.879 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 4 (2.0–5.0) | 6.0 (4.0–8.0) | <0.001* |
| Respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 | |||
| Pneumonia | 1988 (82.9) | 847 (87.9) | <0.001* |
| ARDS | 354 (14.8) | 406 (42.1) | <0.001* |
| Mild ARDS | Censored | Censored | 0.052 |
| Moderate ARDS | 96 (4.0) | 65 (6.7) | 0.001* |
| Severe ARDS | 239 (10.0) | 336 (34.9) | <0.001* |
| Treatment | |||
| Intensive care unit | 760 (31.7) | 565 (58.6) | <0.001* |
| Mechanical ventilation | 352 (14.7) | 286 (29.7) | <0.001* |
| ECMO | 50 (2.1) | 121 (12.6) | <0.001* |
| Dialysis | 90 (3.8) | 214 (22.4) | <0.001* |
| Systemic thrombolysis | 53 (2.2) | 120 (12.4) | <0.001* |
| Surgical embolectomy | Censored | Censored | 1.000 |
| AEs during hospitalisation | |||
| Transfusion of blood constituents | 277 (11.6) | 348 (36.1) | <0.001* |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 411 (17.1) | 97 (10.1) | <0.001* |
| Acute kidney failure | 318 (13.3) | 461 (47.8) | <0.001* |
| Severe liver disease | 57 (2.4) | 121 (12.6) | <0.001* |
| Stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic) | 52 (2.2) | 76 (7.9) | <0.001* |
| Intracerebral bleeding | 13 (0.5) | 28 (2.9) | <0.001* |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 42 (1.8) | 37 (3.8) | 0.001* |
| Right ventricular dysfunction | 379 (15.8) | 327 (33.9) | <0.001* |
| Shock | 131 (5.5) | 322 (33.4) | <0.001* |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | 40 (1.7) | 235 (24.4) | <0.001* |
Data are presented as n (%) or median (range), unless otherwise stated. VTE: venous thromboembolism; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; #: glomerular filtration rate <60 mL·min−1·1.73 m−2. *: statistically significant (p<0.05).