Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Variable | N | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age a | 43 | 13.5 | |
| Sex | Female | 1039 | 88 |
| Male | 137 | 12 | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White-any background | 1097 | 93 | |
| Black/Black British | 6 | 1 | |
| Asian/Asian British | 11 | 1 | |
| Mixed | 33 | 3 | |
| Other | 29 | 2 | |
| Chronic pain condition | |||
| Chronic widespread pain | 396 | 34 | |
| Musculoskeletal | 414 | 35 | |
| Headache and Orofacial | 142 | 12 | |
| Neuropathic | 187 | 16 | |
| Visceral | 37 | 3 | |
| Pain duration | |||
| ≤1 year | 25 | 2 | |
| >1–≤3 years | 105 | 9 | |
| >3–≤ 5 years | 111 | 9 | |
| >5–≤10 years | 252 | 22 | |
| >10 years | 671 | 57 | |
| Unsure | 12 | 1 | |
| Co-morbid physical health condition | |||
| Yes | 885 | 75 | |
| No | 291 | 25 | |
| Co-morbid mental health condition | |||
| Yes | 628 | 53 | |
| No | 548 | 47 | |
| BPI pain severity score a | 5.5 | 1.83 | |
| BPI pain interference score a | 6.37 | 2.22 | |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index sleep quality score a | 13.84 | 3.84 | |
| HADS-D depression score a | 9.1 | 4.46 | |
| HADS-A anxiety score a | 10 | 4.86 | |
BPI: Brief Pain Inventory; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
adenotes variables which are on a continuous scale and therefore display mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) values.