Table 2.
In vitro effects of bisphenol S (BPS) on ovine basal stage follicular gene expressions.
| Gene Name Abbreviation | Gene Expression (Mean +/− SEM) | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | BPS 0.1 µM | BPS 10 µM | ||
| Specific genes of follicle functionality | ||||
| AHR | 0.986 +/− 0.282 | 0.808 +/− 0.194 | 1.260 +/− 0.232 | 0.367 |
| BMP15 | 3.806 +/− 0.629 | 3.938 +/− 0.721 | 5.757 +/− 1.067 | 0.180 |
| ESR1 | 0.533 +/− 0.074 | 0.547 +/− 0.056 | 0.621 +/− 0.080 | 0.631 |
| ESR2 | 4.487 +/− 0.666 | 3.784 +/− 0.468 | 4.745 +/− 0.691 | 0.505 |
| FSHR | 2.461 +/− 0.400 | 2.552 +/− 0.473 | 2.245 +/− 0.466 | 0.876 |
| HSD3B1 | 0.039 +/− 0.011 | 0.034 +/− 0.009 | 0.047 +/− 0.012 | 0.691 |
| Specific genes of redox status | ||||
| CAT | 0.672 +/− 0.064 | 0.775 +/− 0.066 | 0.609 +/− 0.056 | 0.152 |
| COX4I1 | 0.619 +/− 0.042 | 0.614 +/− 0.056 | 0.602 +/− 0.049 | 0.970 |
| COX5B | 1.291 +/− 0.151 | 1.288 +/− 0.124 | 1.284 +/− 0.160 | 0.999 |
| GPX3 | 0.212 +/− 0.035 | 0.166 +/− 0.028 | 0.152 +/− 0.028 | 0.363 |
| NDUFB4 | 7.039 +/− 0.754 | 6.002 +/− 0.472 | 7.056 +/− 0.635 | 0.393 |
| NDUFB5 | 5.380 +/− 1.034 | 4.464 +/− 0.710 | 6.608 +/− 1.392 | 0.353 |
| NDUFV2 | 2.205 +/− 0.264 | 2.085 +/− 0.248 | 2.118 +/− 0.233 | 0.944 |
| SDHA | 1.038 +/− 0.066 | 0.991 +/− 0.088 | 1.139 +/− 0.116 | 0.502 |
| SOD1 | 3.517 +/− 0.362 | 3.387 +/− 0.234 | 3.853 +/− 0.316 | 0.518 |
| SOD2 | 0.753 +/− 0.098 | 0.701 +/− 0.059 | 0.708 +/− 0.073 | 0.885 |
Ovine follicles were cultured for 15 days with different concentrations of BPS (0, 0.1 or 10 µM). At day 15, the culture was stopped and 64 alive follicles were used to assess the expression of 19 genes; they were preserved in lysis buffer for RNA extraction and stored at −80 °C until use. The results are presented for six genes involved in follicular development (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR)), Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15), Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), Estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2), Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and Hydroxy-Delta-5-Steroid Dehydrogenase (HSD3B1)) and 10 genes involved in redox status, (Catalase (CAT), Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 4I1 (COX4I1), Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 5B (COX5B), Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (GPX3), NADH Dehydrogenase Ubiquinone 1 Beta Subcomplex Subunit 4 (NDUFB4), NADH Dehydrogenase Ubiquinone 1 Beta Subcomplex Subunit 5 (NDUFB5), NADH Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit V2 (NDUFV2), Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Flavoprotein Subunit A (SDHA), Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) and Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2)). The results are representative of four independent cultures, with n = 18 for control, n = 22 for BPS 0.1 µM and n = 24 for BPS 10 µM. The geometric mean of two housekeeping genes (beta-actin (ACTB) and ribosomal protein L19 (RPL19)) was used to normalise gene expression. The data are expressed as mean +/− SEM and were analysed with the Brown–Forsythe ANOVA test followed by Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparison post hoc test. A difference was considered significant for p < 0.05.