. 2022 Aug 12;10:954835. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.954835

TABLE 6.

Concentrations of rosmarinic acid, carnosol, carnosic acid, and caffeic acid (mg of compound/g rosemary) in the biphasic systems, varying the UAE S:L ratio (1:20, 1:30, and 1:40) and temperature (40°C and 60°C). Results are expressed as mean ± SD. Statistically significant differences between the ratios (1:20, 1:30, and 1:40) in each system for each compound are represented by letters. Different letters indicate significant differences within each system.

Systems			40°C			60°C
Systems		Compounds	1:20	1:30	1:40	1:20	1:30	1:40
1	La:Glu (5:1)	Rosmarinic acid	0.21 ± 0.13^a	0.26 ± 0.10^a	0.08 ± 0.02^a	1.00 ± 0.12^a	0.58 ± 0.09^a	0.39 ± 0.06^a
		Carnosol	0.27 ± 0.12^a	n.d.	n.d.	0.32 ± 0.02^a	0.31 ± 0.06^a	0.26 ± 0.13^a
		Carnosic acid	0.33 ± 0.10^a	n.d.	0.63 ± 0.22^a	0.83 ± 0.11^a	0.52 ± 0.05^a	0.70 ± 0.15^a
		Caffeic acid	0.05 ± 0.00^a	0.06 ± 0.02^a	0.01 ± 0.00^a	0.26 ± 0.04^a	0.12 ± 0.02^a	0.07 ± 0.02^a
	Men:Lau (2:1)	Rosmarinic acid	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
		Carnosol	1.19 ± 0.34^b	1.70 ± 0.33^a	1.42 ± 0.37^a	2.30 ± 0.18^b	2.15 ± 0.04^b	2.24 ± 0.10^b
		Carnosic acid	7.71 ± 2.13^b	12.34 ± 2.63^b	9.60 ± 2.43^b	17.54 ± 1.88^b	14.49 ± 0.58^b	13.23 ± 0.42^b
		Caffeic acid	0.08 ± 0.00^b	0.01 ± 0.00^b	n.d.	0.09 ± 0.00^b	0.09 ± 0.00^a	n.d.
2	La:Glu (5:1)	Rosmarinic acid	0.18 ± 0.07^a	0.25 ± 0.03^a	0.17 ± 0.08^a	0.82 ± 0.12^a	0.51 ± 0.18^a	0.50 ± 0.14^b
		Carnosol	0.17 ± 0.04^a	n.d.	n.d.	0.34 ± 0.04^a	0.31 ± 0.04^a	0.35 ± 0.01^a
		Carnosic acid	0.40 ± 0.17^a	0.28 ± 0.00^a	0.99 ± 0.06^a	0.90 ± 0.10^a	0.91 ± 0.44^a	0.48 ± 0.18^a
		Caffeic acid	0.05 ± 0.00^ab	0.05 ± 0.00^a	0.01 ± 0.00^a	0.19 ± 0.04^c	0.11 ± 0.04^a	0.08 ± 0.01^a
	Me:My (8:1)	Rosmarinic acid	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
		Carnosol	1.04 ± 0.05^b	1.65 ± 0.12^a	1.73 ± 0.27^a	2.23 ± 0.02^b	2.03 ± 0.11^b	2.36 ± 0.08^b
		Carnosic acid	5.99 ± 0.59^b	12.33 ± 1.18^b	11.88 ± 2.24^b	16.68 ± 0.48^b	14.48 ± 0.33^b	12.47 ± 0.57^b
		Caffeic acid	0.07 ± 0.02^ab	0.06 ± 0.01^a	0.03 ± 0.01^a	0.20 ± 0.02^ac	0.09 ± 0.00^a	0.12 ± 0.0^a
3	La:P (3:1)	Rosmarinic acid	0.19 ± 0.12^a	0.08 ± 0.07^b	0.15 ± 0.09^a	0.41 ± 0.05^b	0.51 ± 0.16^a	0.17 ± 0.09^c
		Carnosol	0.60 ± 0.03^ab	0.53 ± 0.17^b	0.66 ± 0.36^b	1.26 ± 0.07^bc	1.05 ± 0.20^bc	1.29 ± 0.20^bc
		Carnosic acid	0.81 ± 0.00^a	0.95 ± 0.42^a	0.90 ± 0.11^a	2.34 ± 0.05^a	2.24 ± 0.29^abc	1.30 ± 0.39^a
		Caffeic acid	0.12 ± 0.02^bc	0.06 ± 0.02^a	0.03 ± 0.00^ab	0.33 ± 0.01^cd	0.20 ± 0.01^b	0.12 ± 0.06^a
	Men:Lau (2:1)	Rosmarinic acid	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
		Carnosol	0.95 ± 0.15^b	0.95 ± 0.30^b	1.13 ± 0.23^abc	2.32 ± 0.03^b	2.38 ± 0.25^bd	2.02 ± 0.05^b
		Carnosic acid	5.29 ± 1.16^b	6.02 ± 2.43^bc	7.21 ± 1.54^bc	15.18 ± 0.31^bc	15.84 ± 0.94^b	11.34 ± 0.21^bc
		Caffeic acid	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
4	La:P (3:1)	Rosmarinic acid	0.17 ± 0.07^a	0.10 ± 0.04^b	0.05 ± 0.02^a	0.35 ± 0.03^bc	0.38 ± 0.04^ab	0.13 ± 0.05^cd
		Carnosol	0.50 ± 0.04^ab	0.43 ± 0.02^bc	0.82 ± 0.25^b	1.09 ± 0.14^bc	1.13 ± 0.16^bc	1.21 ± 0.11^bc
		Carnosic acid	0.56 ± 0.06^a	0.92 ± 0.10^a	0.76 ± 0.12^a	1.99 ± 0.36^a	2.30 ± 0.08^abc	1.08 ± 0.14^ac
		Caffeic acid	0.11 ± 0.01^bc	0.06 ± 0.03^a	0.06 ± 0.01^b	0.18 ± 0.00^c	0.24 ± 0.05^bc	0.10 ± 0.01^a
	Me:My (8:1)	Rosmarinic acid	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
		Carnosol	0.85 ± 0.08^b	0.43 ± 0.02^b	0.82 ± 0.25^abc	2.16 ± 0.16^b	2.59 ± 0.25^bce	2.11 ± 0.21^b
		Carnosic acid	4.48 ± 0.72^bc	6.55 ± 0.24^bc	6.79 ± 0.51^bc	14.75 ± 1.30^bc	16.99 ± 1.05^bc	12.51 ± 0.51^b
		Caffeic acid	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.

n.d, not detected.