TABLE 1.
Preoperative Characteristics of Patients Who Underwent Isolated Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement at Safety-Net vs Non–Safety-Net Hospitals
| Unmatched (n = 109 744) | Matched (n = 20 074) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Safety-Net Hospitals (n = 17 925) |
Non–Safety-Net Hospitals (n = 91 819) |
P Value |
Safety-Net Hospitals (n = 10 537) |
Non–Safety-Net Hospitals (n = 10 537) |
SMD |
| Age, y | 66 (58-73) | 67 (59-74) | <.001 | 66 (58-73) | 66 (57-73) | −0.001 |
| Male | 11 467 (64.0) | 58 805 (64.0) | .9 | 6739 (64.0) | 6550 (62.2) | −0.037 |
| Elixhauser score | 10 (2-19) | 10 (2-18) | .03 | 10 (2-19) | 10 (2-19) | …b |
| Anemia | 2834 (15.8) | 11 186 (12.2) | <.001 | 1,626 (15.4) | 1687 (16.0) | −0.006 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2375 (13.3) | 12 160 (13.2) | 1 | 1362 (12.9) | 1446 (13.7) | −0.024 |
| COPD | 3644 (20.3) | 18 315 (20.0) | .2 | 2142 (20.3) | 2234 (21.2) | −0.022 |
| Coagulopathy | 5814 (32.4) | 31 566 (34.4) | <.001 | 3416 (32.4) | 3604 (34.2) | −0.038 |
| Congestive heart failure | 6845 (38.2) | 31 722 (34.6) | <.001 | 3981 (37.8) | 4099 (38.9) | −0.023 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2560 (14.3) | 11 731 (12.8) | <.001 | 1505 (14.3) | 1573 (14.9) | −0.019 |
| Drug abuse | 426 (2.4) | 1055 (1.2) | <.001 | 228 (2.2) | 231 (2.2) | −0.002 |
| Hypertension | 8506 (47.5) | 44 540 (48.5) | .01 | 5039 (47.8) | 4863 (46.2) | 0.033 |
| Obesity | 4645 (25.9) | 25 139 (27.4) | <.001 | 2712 (25.7) | 2910 (27.6) | −0.042 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 4747 (26.5) | 24 496 (26.7) | .6 | 2752 (26.1) | 2860 (27.1) | −0.023 |
| Household incomea | <.001 | |||||
| Quartile 1 | 4854 (27.5) | 19 102 (21.1) | 2703 (26.1) | 2699 (26.0) | 0.001 | |
| Quartile 2 | 4906 (27.8) | 25 175 (27.8) | 2819 (27.2) | 2854 (27.5) | −0.008 | |
| Quartile 3 | 4369 (24.8) | 25 133 (27.8) | 2653 (25.6) | 2638 (25.4) | 0.003 | |
| Quartile 4 | 3522 (20.0) | 21 048 (23.3) | 2190 (21.1) | 2185 (21.1) | 0.001 | |
| Bioprosthetic | 13 441 (75.0) | 72 750 (79.2) | <.001 | 7898 (75.0) | 7826 (74.3) | −0.016 |
| Mechanical valve | 4498 (25.1) | 19 119 (20.8) | <.001 | 2639 (25.0) | 2711 (25.7) | 0.017 |
| Nonelective | 4515 (25.2) | 16 958 (18.5) | <.001 | 2631 (25.0) | 2683 (25.5) | 0.409 |
a
Indexed to patient’s zip code
b
Cohorts matched by each individual Elixhauser comorbidity but not composite score. Values are median (interquartile range) or n (%). COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SMD, standardized mean difference.