Table 1.
Ongoing co-clinical trials using patient-derived models for drug testing.
| Target population | Intervention | N of patients | Type of preclinical model | NCT number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stage II-III TNBC | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy base clinical trial not guided by PDX | 135 | PDX | NCT02124902 |
| Metastatic TNBC | Personalized treatament guided by miniPDX and RNA sequencing | 100 | miniPDX | NCT04745975 |
| Operated GI cancers | Adjuvant chemotherapy not guided by PDX | 120 | PDX (zebrafish) | NCT03668418 |
| Pancreatic cancer | Personalized treatment guided by miniPDX | 100 | miniPDX | NCT04373928 |
| Lung and HNSCC | Standard or experimental systemic treatment not guided by PDX | 30 | PDX | NCT02597738 |
| Metastatic NSCLC PD-L1+ who failed platinum based treatment | Pembrolizumab not guided by PDX | 50 | PDX | NCT03134456 |
| Childhood cancers | Personalized treatment guided by molecular profiling and PDX | 400 | PDX | NCT03336931 |
| Recurrent mantle cell lymphoma | Ibrutinib not guided by PDX | 50 | PDX | NCT03219047 |
| Localized or metastatic kidney cancer | Personalised treatment guided by PDX | 50 | PDX | NCT04602702 |
| Metastatic CRPC | Personalised treatment guided by miniPDX | 15 | miniPDX | NCT03786848 |
| Metastatic CRC | Cetuximab not guided by PDO | 80 | PDO | NCT04906733 |
| Metastatic pancreatic cancer | Chemotherapy guided by PDO | 100 | PDO | NCT04931381 |
| Resected pancreatic cancer | Adjuvant chemotherapy guided by PDO | 200 | PDO | NCT04931394 |
| HNSCC, CRC, breast or epithelial ovarian cancer | Chemotherapy guided by PDO | 35 | PDO | NCT04279509 |
| Non muscle-invasive bladder cancer | Chemotherapy guided by PDO (instillation) | 33 | PDO | NCT05024734 |
| Metastatic HER2 negative BC | Chemotherapy guided by PDO | 15 | PDO | NCT04450706 |
| Operable HER2 positive BC | Chemotherapy + anti-HER2 agents not guided by PDO | 94 | PDO | NCT04281641 |
| NSCLC | Treatment guided by PDO | 100 | PDO | NCT04826913 |
| Localized and metastatic CRC | Standard chemotherapy not guided by PDO | 120 | 3D bioprinted PDO | NCT04755907 |
| Advanced BC | Standard therapy not guided by PDO | 15 | PDO | NCT04655573 |
| Solid tumors | Engineering TCR-T cells | 30 | PDO | NCT03778814 |
| Locally advanced resectable esophagogastric carcinoma | Standard chemotherapy not guided by PDO | 40 | PDO | NCT03429816 |
| Locally advanced esophageal cancer | Chemoradiation not guided by PDO | 140 | PDO | NCT03081988 |
BC, breast cancer; CRC, colorectal cancer; CRPC, castration-resistant prostate cancer; GI, gastrointestinal; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell cancer; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; PDO, patient-derived organoids; PDX, patient-derived xenograft; TNBC, triple negative breast cancer.