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. 2022 Jul 29;122(16):13547–13635. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00396

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© 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

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Shock ED as a continuous process. (left) Photographs and (right) illustration of the device that shows assembly: a working device consists of electrodes, wire, and a porous material sandwiched between identical IEMs. Inlet (outlet) streams are labeled contaminated, anolyte (anolyte out), and catholyte (catholyte out); fluid leaving the top edge of the porous material is split into fresh and brine streams. Reproduced with permission from ref (574). Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society.