Figure 3.

Sex-dependent effects of acute flavored e-cigarette exposure on pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokine release in lung homogenate. Mice were exposed to air, PG/VG, and e-liquid flavors “Apple”, “Cherry”, “Strawberry”, “Wintergreen”, and “Smooth & Mild Tobacco” for 3 days for 1 h per day. Mice were sacrificed twenty-four hours after the final exposure. Pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were measured in lung homogenate. (A) KC levels, (B) IL-6 levels, (C) MCP-1 levels. Data are shown as mean ± SEM with individual data points represented by the following symbols: Air (black circles), PG/VG (black squares), Apple (black triangles), Cherry (black diamonds), Strawberry (white circles), Wintergreen (white squares), Smooth & Mild Tobacco (white triangles), with * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 vs. air controls. n = 6 for combined groups and n = 3 for male- and female-only groups.