Table 1.
Comparison of toxins identified in the Naja sumatrana venom proteomes sorted by protein families, subtypes, and relative abundances.
| Protein Family/Protein Name | Database Accession a | Relative Protein Abundance b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ns-NS (%) (32) |
Ns-PG (%) (42) |
Ns-TH (%) (22) |
Ns-SU (%) (55) |
||
| Three-finger toxins (3FTX) | 58.58 | 63.86 | 69.82 | 57.71 | |
| Long neurotoxins (LNTX) | 10.30 | 2.62 | 9.64 | 5.80 | |
| Long neurotoxin 7 | O42257 | 10.30 | - | 9.64 | 5.80 |
| Long neurotoxin 3 | P25671 | - | 0.52 | - | - |
| Long neurotoxin 2 | P25669 | - | 0.17 | - | - |
| Long neurotoxin 7 | O42257 | - | 1.94 | - | - |
| Short-neurotoxins (SNTX) | 4.54 | 2.79 | 6.41 | 5.01 | |
| Cobrotoxin homolog | Q9PTT0 | 3.13 | 0.42 | - | - |
| Neurotoxin 3 | Q9PSN6 | 1.40 | 0.79 | 4.05 | 2.94 |
| Alpha-neurotoxin NTX-1 | Q9YGJ6 | - | - | - | 0.53 |
| Alpha-neurotoxin NTX-2 | Q9YGJ5 | - | - | 1.48 | 0.50 |
| Alpha-neurotoxin NTX-3 | O57326 | - | 0.21 | 0.89 | 0.19 |
| Neurotoxin homolog NL1 | CL977.Contig3_NsM | - | 1.37 | - | - |
| Short neurotoxin 1 | P60774 | - | - | - | 0.84 |
| Cytotoxin (CTX) | 30.04 | 52.77 | 53.77 | 33.07 | |
| Cytotoxin 2a | AAC61316 | 0.98 | - | - | - |
| Cytotoxin 4N | Q9W6W9 | 0.84 | 1.30 | 14.70 | - |
| Cytotoxin 2a | Q9PST4 | 5.11 | - | - | - |
| Cytotoxin 6 | P80245 | - | - | 3.99 | - |
| Cytotoxin 5b | P60310 | 9.59 | 37.67 | 13.16 | 7.43 |
| Cytotoxin 4 | P60303 | - | - | - | 8.65 |
| Cytotoxin 3 | P60302 | 6.51 | - | 12.67 | - |
| Cytotoxin 5 | P07525 | 0.01 | 13.74 | - | - |
| Cytotoxin 9 | P01454 | 5.04 | - | - | 0.14 |
| Cytotoxin 4 | P01443 | - | - | 9.25 | - |
| Cytotoxin 2 | P01442 | - | - | - | 7.58 |
| Cytotoxin 2 | P01440 | 1.94 | - | - | 8.60 |
| Cytotoxin 3 | CL1512.Contig1_CiM | - | 0.05 | - | - |
| Cytotoxin 5 | CL1026.Contig4_NkT | - | - | - | 0.66 |
| Muscarinic toxin-like protein (MTLP) | - | 2.02 | - | 9.60 | |
| Muscarinic toxin-like protein | Q9W727 | - | 0.88 | - | 3.16 |
| Muscarinic toxin-like protein 2 | P82463 | - | 1.14 | - | 6.44 |
| Weak toxins (WTX) | 13.71 | 3.66 | - | 4.22 | |
| Weak neurotoxin 8 | Q802B3 | 0.01 | 3.66 | - | 0.61 |
| Weak toxin CM-9a | P25679 | 13.69 | - | - | |
| Weak neurotoxin 6 | P29180 | - | - | - | 2.97 |
| Weak neurotoxin 6 | O42256 | - | - | - | 0.65 |
| Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) | 34.59 | 23.59 | 23.26 | 25.18 | |
| Acidic phospholipase A2 D | Q9I900 | 10.12 | 0.75 | 3.12 | 8.58 |
| Acidic phospholipase A2 C | Q92086 | 0.07 | 5.32 | - | - |
| Neutral phospholipase A2 muscarinic inhibitor | Q92084 | 5.78 | 15.37 | 9.86 | 9.64 |
| Acidic phospholipase A2 2 | Q91133 | 6.97 | - | - | |
| Acidic phospholipase A2 DE-II | P00600 | - | 2.15 | - | 1.89 |
| Acidic phospholipase A2 1 | P00596 | 5.47 | - | - | - |
| Acidic phospholipase A2 2 | P00597 | - | - | 4.74 | - |
| Acidic phospholipase A2 C | CL3683.Contig1_NsM | 6.19 | - | 5.36 | 5.07 |
| Neutral phospholipase A2 muscarinic inhibitor | CL2189.Contig1_CbM | - | - | 0.19 | - |
| Venom nerve growth factor (vNGF) | 2.79 | 6.63 | 0.87 | 3.21 | |
| Venom nerve growth factor 2 | Q5YF89 | 2.79 | 6.63 | 0.87 | - |
| Venom nerve growth factor 2 | CL429.Contig1_NnSL | - | - | - | 3.21 |
| Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor (KSPI) | - | - | - | 5.86 | |
| Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor | CL534.Contig1_NkT | - | - | - | 3.09 |
| Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor | unigene30356_NkT | - | - | - | 2.45 |
| Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor | unigene8258_TwM | - | - | - | 0.32 |
| Snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP) | 1.50 | 2.14 | 4.82 | 3.79 | |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like kaouthiagin-like | D3TTC1 | 0.75 | - | 1.76 | - |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atragin | D3TTC2 | - | 0.89 | 1.77 | - |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atrase-A | D5LMJ3 | - | - | - | 0.05 |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like cobrin | Q9PVK7 | 0.75 | - | - | - |
| scutatease-1 | B5KFV7 | - | - | - | 0.13 |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like kaouthiagin-like | CL626.Contig5_NsM2 | - | 0.17 | - | 0.39 |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atragin | CL626.Contig4_NsM2 | - | 0.96 | - | 0.82 |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atragin | CL626.Contig2_NsM2 | - | - | - | 0.45 |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atragin | CL626.Contig1_NsM | - | - | 1.29 | 0.92 |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atragin | CL444.Contig1_NsM | - | 0.13 | - | 0.42 |
| Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like cobrin | CL115.Contig8_NkT | - | - | - | 0.36 |
| Snake venom metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like mocarhagin | CL115.Contig6_NkT | - | - | - | 0.24 |
| Cobra venom factor (CVF) | 1.18 | 1.39 | 0.35 | 1.36 | |
| Cobra venom factor | Q91132 | 0.14 | 0.38 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
| Complement C3 | Q01833 | - | - | - | 0.20 |
| Ophiophagus venom factor | I2C090 | - | 0.25 | - | - |
| Cobra venom factor | CL4560.Contig1_NsM2 | 0.76 | 0.26 | - | 0.27 |
| Cobra venom factor | CL1625.Contig1_NnSL | 0.09 | 0.24 | - | - |
| Cobra venom factor | CL472.Contig1_NkT | - | - | - | 0.29 |
| Cobra venom factor | Unigene370_NsM | 0.19 | 0.26 | - | 0.24 |
| Phosphodiesterase (PDE) | 0.74 | 0.89 | 0.63 | 0.46 | |
| Venom phosphodiesterase | CL2341.Contig1_NsM | 0.44 | - | 0.63 | - |
| Venom phosphodiesterase | CL1403.Contig1_BcSL | 0.07 | - | - | - |
| Venom phosphodiesterase | CL1181.Contig1_NnSL | 0.23 | 0.33 | - | 0.20 |
| Venom phosphodiesterase | unigene5869_NsM | - | 0.23 | - | 0.26 |
| Venom phosphodiesterase | unigene19187_EsM | - | 0.34 | - | |
| Cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRiSP) | 0.39 | 0.17 | - | 0.47 | |
| Cysteine-rich venom protein natrin-1 | Q7T1K6 | 0.39 | 0.10 | - | 0.16 |
| Cysteine-rich venom protein natrin-2 | Q7ZZN8 | - | - | - | 0.09 |
| Cysteine-rich venom protein natrin-1 | CL2736.Contig1_NsM2 | - | 0.07 | - | 0.19 |
| Cysteine-rich venom protein natrin-1 | CL85.Contig1_NnSL | - | - | - | 0.02 |
| L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) | 0.13 | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.72 | |
| L-amino acid oxidase | Q4JHE3 | 0.13 | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.28 |
| L-amino-acid oxidase | Q4JHE2 | - | - | - | 0.14 |
| L-amino-acid oxidase | CL4047.Contig1_NsM2 | - | - | - | 0.30 |
| Snake venom serine protease (SVSP) | 0.10 | 0.41 | - | 0.72 | |
| Plasminogen activator | CL4067.Contig1_NsM | 0.10 | 0.21 | - | 0.58 |
| Serine protease harobin | unigene6087_NsM | - | 0.19 | - | - |
| Plasminogen activator | unigene33606_NnSL | - | - | - | 0.14 |
| Hyaluronidase (HYA) | - | 0.09 | - | 0.18 | |
| Hyaluronidase | CL2939.Contig1_NkT | - | 0.09 | - | - |
| Hyaluronidase | unigene27829_NsM | - | - | - | 0.18 |
| Vespryn | - | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.14 | |
| Thaicobrin | P82885 | - | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
| Vesp22 | F8RKW3 | - | 0.02 | - | - |
| Ohanin | CL118.Contig3_NsM2 | - | - | - | 0.13 |
| Ohanin | unigene31699_NnSL | - | 0.00 | - | - |
| Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) | - | 0.28 | - | 0.14 | |
| Acetylcholinesterase | CL4231.Contig1_NsM | - | 0.28 | - | 0.14 |
| 5′ nucleotidase (5′NUC) | - | 0.13 | - | 0.06 | |
| Ecto-5′-nucleotidase 1a | A0A0F7YZM6 | - | - | - | 0.06 |
| Snake venom 5′-nucleotidase | CL3600.Contig1_NsM2 | - | 0.13 | - | - |
Abbreviations: Ns-NS, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; Ns-PG, Penang, Malaysia; Ns-TH, Southern Thailand; Ns-SU, Sumatra, Indonesia. Protein identification and accession numbers were derived from databases based on best homology match, as shown in Supplementary Materials. a Accession numbers with suffix “_xxxx” were proteins identified based on tryptic peptides matched to sequences from an in-house transcript-database. b Relative abundance is represented as the percentage of total venom proteins, the value in parentheses indicates the number of proteoforms identified.