Figure 12.

The effect of solanesol on histopathological alterations in ouabain-induced bipolar disorder rats.Histological evaluation via Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that in the vehicle (A), sham control (B) and SNL per se (C) group, the black arrow represents the typical normal nuclei, the yellow arrow represents the neuroglial cells, and the green arrow represents the oligodendrocytes. The OUA (D) group showed a high damaged area represented by the orange arrow, the black arrow represents abnormal neuronal structure, and the yellow arrow indicates the high neuroglial cell penetration. The SNL showed a dose-dependent improvement in the OUA + SNL40 (E) and 80 (F) group in the histological alteration as the decrease in the damaged area indicated by the orange arrow, slight restoration of abnormal neuronal structure and the yellow arrow represents the mild decrease in the penetration of the neuroglial cell. In the OUA + Li60 (G) group, there was a subsequent reduction in the neuroglial cell penetration as well as the damaged area and the neuronal cells structure restoration indicated by the yellow, orange and black arrows, respectively. The OUA + Li60 + SNL80 (combination group) (H) showed restoration of the neuron cell structure (black arrow), a remarkable decrease in the white area (damaged area) indicated by the orange arrow and a small number of neuroglial cells indicated by the yellow arrow.