. 2022 Aug 9;22(16):5940. doi: 10.3390/s22165940

Table 2.

Differences among fallers and non-fallers in the instrumented gait and turning measures collected during the daily home monitoring.

Test Result Variable(s)		N	Mean	Std. Error	95% Confidence Interval		Range		p Value	Effect Size
Test Result Variable(s)					Lower	Upper	Min	Max		Cohen’s d
Pitch at Toe Off (°)	Non-Fallers	13	30.92	1.00	28.74	33.09	23.94	37.18	0.00	1.42
Pitch at Toe Off (°)	Fallers	13	23.88	1.66	20.26	27.50	13.73	33.15
Gait Speed (m/s)	Non-Fallers	13	1.08	0.03	1.01	1.16	0.90	1.26	0.01	1.05
Gait Speed (m/s)	Fallers	13	0.89	0.06	0.76	1.03	0.40	1.31
Stride Length (m)	Non-Fallers	13	1.22	0.03	1.15	1.30	1.00	1.41	0.01 ^a	0.99
Stride Length (m)	Fallers	13	1.06	0.06	0.93	1.18	0.68	1.40
Double Support (%)	Non-Fallers	13	22.70	0.70	21.17	24.23	18.48	26.94	0.01	1.14
Double Support (%)	Fallers	13	26.14	0.95	24.06	28.22	21.07	31.29
Swing (%)	Non-Fallers	13	38.68	0.35	37.91	39.44	36.58	40.76	0.01	1.13
Swing (%)	Fallers	13	37.03	0.45	36.05	38.02	34.47	39.46
Pitch at Initial Contact (°)	Non-Fallers	13	22.09	1.09	19.73	24.46	26.51	12.46	0.02 ^a	0.92
Pitch at Initial Contact (°)	Fallers	13	17.30	1.74	13.52	21.08	24.41	5.38
Turn Angle (°)	Non-Fallers	12	88.79	1.40	85.71	91.87	79.03	95.58	0.04	0.87
Turn Angle (°)	Fallers	13	82.55	2.43	77.25	87.86	63.36	97.65

^a The data for stride length and pitch at initial contact were not normally distributed. Therefore, the Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare between-group differences between fallers and non-fallers.