. 2022 Aug 19;14(16):3410. doi: 10.3390/nu14163410

Table 3.

The absolute concentrations of fatty acids in breast milk between the control and supplement groups at the time of enrollment and the end of the trial.

Fatty Acid, mg/100 mL	Control Group		Supplement Group		p Value ^a	p Value ^b	p Value ^c	p Value ^d
Fatty Acid, mg/100 mL	At Enrollment	At the End of the Trial	At Enrollment	At the End of the Trial	p Value ^a	p Value ^b	p Value ^c	p Value ^d
Milk fat, g/100 mL	3.86 ± 1.61	3.14 ± 2.03	3.70 ± 2.15	3.47 ± 2.30	0.483	0.716	0.128	0.688
Total fatty acids	3350.65 ± 1368.64	2766.48 ± 1581.62	3139.61 ± 1813.13	3018.65 ± 2039.50	0.306	0.712	0.122	0.895
SFA	1118.94 ± 396.45	962.79 ± 606.38	1039.70 ± 631.60	980.27 ± 617.43	0.140	0.661	0.116	0.810
MUFA	1212.41 ± 599.12	1100.84 ± 741.44	1243.36 ± 755.57	1134.22 ± 819.33	0.828	0.535	0.080	0.626
PUFA	884.47 ± 343.77	746.51 ± 503.29	813.39 ± 373.08	786.61 ± 520.33	0.288	0.938	0.327	0.920
n-6 PUFA	807.80 ± 319.15	705.87 ± 463.12	733.88 ± 321.12	678.83 ± 474.72	0.241	0.805	0.430	0.895
n-3 PUFA	64.22 ± 44.33	60.48 ± 41.55	69.08 ± 48.19	69.73 ± 53.42	0.398	0.146	0.430	0.806
n-6/n-3	11.92 ± 6.67	11.79 ± 8.04	10.72 ± 5.40	9.92 ± 6.01	0.136	0.005	0.534	0.059
LA	731.60 ± 290.04	657.96 ± 400.72	664.96 ± 278.77	634.92 ± 445.66	0.247	0.768	0.467	0.937
GLA	6.16 ± 3.81	3.87 ± 2.91	5.10 ± 4.24	3.92 ± 2.80	0.243	0.811	<0.001	0.093
ALA	46.71 ± 37.85	46.81 ± 42.16	50.32 ± 39.27	51.31 ± 47.02	0.443	0.233	0.697	0.788
ARA	21.68 ± 9.59	15.54 ± 9.97	21.54 ± 15.15	16.61 ± 12.74	0.771	0.671	0.001	0.031
EPA	1.33 ± 1.30	1.26 ± 1.30	1.46 ± 1.87	1.53 ± 2.05	0.828	0.335	0.928	0.244
DHA	10.55 ± 5.84	7.57 ± 6.30	11.88 ± 9.59	10.07 ± 13.16	0.531	0.012	0.037	0.873
ARA/DHA	2.01 ± 0.85	2.06 ± 1.30	2.00 ± 0.90	1.47 ± 1.06	0.742	<0.001	0.328	0.003

SFA, saturated fatty acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; LA, linoleic acid; GLA, γ-linolenic acid; ALA, α-linolenic acid; ARA, arachidonic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid. ^a At enrollment: control group vs. supplement group; ^b At the end of the trial: control group vs. supplement group; ^c control group: at enrollment vs. at the end of the trial; ^d supplement group: At enrollment vs. At the end of the trial.