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. 2022 Aug 11;13:953431. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.953431

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Copyright © 2022 Fontana, Garzia, Marfia, Galiano and Miozzo

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic representation of the HPG axis regulation and the FHA predisposing genes. GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus release GnRH upon different stimuli: kisspeptin, produced by a specific group of hypothalamic neurons, is a major player in the neuroendocrine control of GnRH and gonadotrophins secretion; ghrelin and leptin allow the regulation of GnRH secretion according to energy balance (link between HPG axis and food intake); cortisol inhibits GnRH secretion (link between HPG axis and anxiety). FHA-predisposing genes are listed in the light blue boxes (created with BioRender.com).