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. 2022 Aug 21;10(8):1684. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10081684

Table 5.

Standard multivariable logistic regression and adjusted for health centres (HC) models for risk factors associated with MDR, possible XDR, and possible PDR in children.

MDR OR (95% C.I) p > |z| OR Adjusted for HC (95% C.I) p > |z|
All children
Household in a high-density area 0.13 (0.02–0.99) 0.050
Storing prepared food for the child 0.65 (0.44–0.96) 0.031 0.65 (0.43–0.98) 0.040
Disposing of solid waste in a pit 1.60 (1.04–2.45) 0.033
Disposing of solid waste on the roadside 8.80 (1.19–64.96) 0.033
Diarrhoeic children
Disposing of solid waste in a bin 0.46 (0.27–0.79) 0.006
Knowledge of antibiotics 1.96 (1.00–3.83) 0.049
Healthy children
Gender 0.51 (0.31–0.86) 0.011 0.57 (0.32–0.98) 0.041
Storing prepared food for the child 0.60 (0.37–0.98) 0.046
Knowledge of antibiotics 0.53 (0.28–1.02) 0.057 0.48 (0.23–0.99) 0.049
Possible XDR OR (95% C.I) p > |z| OR adjusted for HC (95% C.I) p > |z|
All children
Age group 6–11 months 0.77 (0.44–1.34) 0.365 0.47 (0.28–0.79) 0.005
Age group 12–35 months 1.02 (0.63–1.65) 0.918 0.55 (0.35–0.88) 0.013
Age group 36–59 months 0.28 (0.11–0.74) 0.010 0.14 (0.05–0.39) 0.000
Child feeding with a spoon 0.61 (0.39–0.95) 0.028
Size of the household 1.57 (1.08–2.29) 0.019
Diarrhoeic children
Child feeding with fingers/hands 2.47 (1.02–5.95) 0.044 2.90 (1.16–7.19) 0.022
Keeping poultry at the household level 2.67 (1.18–6.01) 0.018 2.54 (1.09–5.87) 0.029
Using ATB given by non-professional 1.36 (0.98–1.88) 0.058
Healthy children
Storing prepared food in a warmer 0.48 (0.23–0.99) 0.049
Keeping pets at household 0.28 (0.08–0.93) 0.038 0.19 (0.05–0.71) 0.013
Treatment of drinking water 1.26 (0.95–1.66) 0.107
Possible PDR OR (95% C.I) p > |z| OR adjusted for HC (95% C.I) p > |z|
Healthy children
Awareness of AMR 10.33 (1.93–55.04) 0.006 9.06 (1.48–55.45) 0.017