Table 5.
Factors associated with pretreatment HIVDR among newly reported HIV infections.
| Variable | Number | Drug Resistance, n (%) |
OR * (95% CI) | p | AOR * (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 816 | 52 (6.4) | ||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–29 | 318 | 17 (5.3) | 1.00 | |||
| 30–39 | 147 | 9 (6.1) | 1.16 (0.50–0.66) | 0.735 | ||
| 40–49 | 100 | 6 (6.0) | 1.13 (0.43–2.95) | 0.803 | ||
| ≥50 | 121 | 12 (9.9) | 1.95 (0.90–4.21) | 0.090 | ||
| Unknown | 130 | 8 (6.2) | 1.16 (0.49–2.76) | 0.736 | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 627 | 39 (6.2) | 1.00 | |||
| Female | 59 | 5 (8.5) | 1.40 (0.53–3.69) | 0.501 | ||
| Unknown | 130 | 8 (6.2) | 0.99 (0.45–2.17) | 0.977 | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Han | 680 | 44 (6.5) | 1.00 | |||
| Other | 6 | 0 (0.0) | - | - | ||
| Unknown | 130 | 8 (6.2) | 0.95 (0.44–2.06) | 0.893 | ||
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate | 81 | 4 (4.9) | 1.00 | |||
| Primary or junior high school | 143 | 15 (10.5) | 2.26 (0.72–7.04) | 0.161 | ||
| Senior high school or higher | 462 | 25 (5.4) | 1.10 (0.37–3.25) | 0.861 | ||
| Unknown | 130 | 8 (6.2) | 1.26 (0.37–4.33) | 0.711 | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 379 | 20 (5.3) | 1.00 | |||
| Married | 210 | 14 (6.7) | 1.28 (0.63–2.59) | 0.490 | ||
| Divorced/widowed | 97 | 10 (10.3) | 2.06 (0.93–4.57) | 0.074 | ||
| Unknown | 130 | 8 (6.2) | 1.18 (0.51–2.74) | 0.705 | ||
| Route of infection * | ||||||
| MSM | 505 | 29 (5.7) | 1.00 | |||
| HET | 178 | 15 (8.4) | 1.51 (0.79–2.89) | 0.212 | ||
| IDU | 3 | 0 (0.0) | - | - | ||
| Unknown | 130 | 8 (6.1) | 1.08 (0.48–2.41) | 0.858 | ||
| Subtype | ||||||
| CRF55_01B | 51 | 6 (11.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| CRF01_AE-cluster 4 | 199 | 8 (4.0) | 0.31 (0.10–0.95) | 0.040 | 0.26 (0.08–0.81) | 0.021 |
| CRF01_AE-cluster 5 | 66 | 3 (4.5) | 0.36 (0.09–1.50) | 0.160 | 0.33 (0.07–1.42) | 0.036 |
| CRF07_BC-N | 285 | 15 (5.2) | 0.42 (0.15–1.13) | 0.086 | 0.35 (0.12–0.98) | 0.045 |
| Other | 215 | 20 (9.3) | 0.77 (0.29–2.03) | 0.595 | 0.60 (0.21–1.70) | 0.334 |
| CD4 count before ART (cells/µL) | ||||||
| <200 | 214 | 15 (7.0) | 1.00 | |||
| 200–350 | 196 | 13 (6.6) | 0.94 (0.44–2.03) | 0.880 | ||
| 350–500 | 140 | 7 (5.0) | 0.70 (0.28–1.76) | 0.446 | ||
| >500 | 136 | 9 (6.6) | 0.94 (0.40–2.21) | 0.888 | ||
| Unknown | 130 | 8 (6.2) | 0.87 (0.36–2.11) | 0.758 | ||
| Sampling time | ||||||
| 2017 | 66 | 4 (6.1) | 1.00 | |||
| 2018 | 162 | 8 (4.9) | 0.81 (0.23–2.77) | 0.731 | ||
| 2019 | 215 | 10 (4.7) | 0.76 (0.23–2.50) | 0.646 | ||
| 2020 | 373 | 30 (8.0) | 1.36 (0.46–3.98) | 0.580 |
* OR, odds ratio. AOR, adjusted odds ratio. MSM, men who have sex with men; HET, heterosexual; IDU, injecting drug users.