Table 5.
Mixed acid-base disturbance
| [H+] | pH | PCO2 | [HCO3–] | Acid-Base Disorders | Dominant Disorder |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 39.8 | 7.4 | 21.6 (0.54) | 13 (0.54) | Metabolic acidosis, chronic respiratory alkalosis | — |
| 19.03 | 7.72 | 23.8 (0.6) | 30 (1.25) | Metabolic alkalosis, acute respiratory alkalosis | Acute respiratory alkalosis |
| 77.6 | 7.11 | 65 (1.63) | 20 (0.83) | Metabolic acidosis, acute respiratory acidosis | Acute respiratory acidosis |
| 63.1 | 7.2 | 35 (0.88) | 13.3 (0.55) | Metabolic acidosis, acute respiratory acidosis | Metabolic acidosis |
Each row represents a mixed acid-base disturbance comprising a metabolic disturbance and a respiratory one. Parenthetical numbers indicate the ratio of a parameter to its respective baseline, “ideal” value: pH 7.4, PCO2 40 mm Hg, and [HCO3–] 24 mM. The last column denotes a disturbance that altered the [H+]/pH to a greater degree: i.e., the dominant disorder. No inference is implied regarding the order of appearance of acid-base disturbances. These mixed acid-base disorders can be visualized on the acid-base map (Figure 5B). [H+], hydrogen ion concentration (nM); PCO2, carbon dioxide partial pressure (mm Hg); [HCO3–], bicarbonate concentration (mM).