Fig. 2. (A) Cryo-TEM images of bare liposomes, 10% NLGs, 30% NLGs, and 50% NLGs (scale bar: 200 nm). (B) DLS results of 30% NLG and 30% NLG with 1% Triton X-100. (C) (a) Morphology of 30% NLG characterized by AFM in liquid mode (scale bar: 1 μm); (b) representative force–distance curve for Young's modulus measurement, where the cantilever probe is brought down into contact (curve 1), and cantilever indents the sample causing cantilever deflection (curve 2) and then retracted from the surface (curve 3) until the cantilever is fully detached (curve 4). Young's modulus E was determined from the indentation part of the approach curve (2);¹⁴ (c) Young's modulus results of 10%, 30% and 50% NLGs.