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. 2022 Aug 18;7(9):1490–1500. doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01191-z

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a, Map of Brazil with the number of sequences in GISAID as of 30 June 2021. The map is coloured according to geographical macro region: North (red), Northeast (green), Southeast (purple), Midwest (light blue) and South (light orange). AC, Acre; AL, Alagoas; AP, Amapá; AM, Amazonas; BA, Bahia; CE, Ceará; DF, Distrito Federal; ES, Espírito Santo; GO, Goiás; MA, Maranhão; MT, Mato Grosso; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MG, Minas Gerais; PA, Pará; PB, Paraíba; PR, Paraná; PE, Pernambuco; PI, Piauí; RR, Roraima; RO, Rondônia; RJ, Rio de Janeiro; RN, Rio Grande do Norte; RS, Rio Grande do Sul; SC, Santa Catarina; SP, São Paulo; SE Sergipe; TO, Tocantins. b, Temporal sampling of sequences in Brazilian states through time with VOCs highlighted and annotated according to their PANGO lineage assignment. c, Time-resolved maximum-likelihood phylogeny containing high-quality near-full genome sequences from Brazil (n = 3,866) obtained from this study, analysed against a backdrop of global reference sequences (n = 25,288). VUMs and VOCs are highlighted on the phylogeny. d, Sources of viral introductions into Brazil characterized as external introductions from the rest of the world. e, Sources of viral exchanges (imports and exports) into and out of Brazil. f, Number of viral exchanges within Brazilian regions by counting the state changes from the root to the tips of the phylogeny in c.