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. 2022 Aug 22;227(7):2553–2567. doi: 10.1007/s00429-022-02546-2

Table 2.

The R-squared (R2) and the mean absolute error (MAE) obtained with linear regression of processing speed and memory performance using (i) demographics only, (ii) demographics and conventional lesion and neurodegenerative markers, (iii) model ii + white matter metrics (mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, peak-skeletonised mean diffusivity)

N = 102 Processing speed Memory
Beta p-value R2 [MAE] Beta p-value R2 [MAE]
Model 1: demographics only: age, sex, education
 Age − 0.37 < 0.001 0.29 [0.62] − 0.51 < 0.001 0.29 [0.67]
 Sex [male] − 0.02 0.80 − 0.11 0.21
 Education 0.34 < 0.001 0.17 0.05
Model 2: model 1 + lesion and atrophy markers
 Age − 0.19 0.07 0.35 [0.61] − 0.38 < 0.01 0.32 [0.65]
 Sex [male] 0.03 0.68 − 0.07 0.46
 Education 0.31 < 0.001 0.14 0.11
 Presence of infarcts − 0.05 0.50 − 0.02 − 0.79
 Presence of micro-bleeds − 0.06 0.48 0.11 0.22
 BPF [%] 0.29 < 0.01 0.20 0.09
 WMH [%] − 0.04 0.65 0 0.98
Model 3a: model 2 + average mean diffusivity in white matter
 Age − 0.12 0.23 0.43 [0.55] − 0.35 < 0.01 0.33 [0.65]
 Sex [male] − 0.01 0.91 − 0.09 0.35
 Education 0.35 < 0.001 0.16 0.08
 Presence of infarcts − 0.04 0.57 − 0.02 0.83
 Presence of microbleeds -0.03 0.74 0.12 0.17
 BPF [%] 0.16 0.13 0.15 0.24
 WMH [%] 0.04 0.60 0.03 0.73
 MD [mm2/s] − 0.34 < 0.001 − 0.14 0.19
Model 3b: model 2 + average fractional anisotropy in white matter
 Age − 0.18 0.07 0.36 [0.59] − 0.38 0.001 0.34 [0.65]
 Sex 0.05 0.54 − 0.05 0.59
 Education 0.29 < 0.001 0.13 0.16
 Presence of infarcts − 0.06 0.48 − 0.03 0.77
 Presence of micro-bleeds − 0.05 0.52 0.11 0.19
 BPF 0.27 0.01 0.18 0.13
 WMH [%] 0.03 0.78 0.07 0.51
 FA 0.14 0.16 0.15 0.17
Model 3c: model 2 + peak-skeletonized mean diffusivity in white matter
 Age − 0.21 < 0.05 0.37 [0.59] − 0.39 0.001 0.32 [0.65]
 Sex 0.04 0.59 − 0.07 0.48
 Education 0.31 < 0.001 0.14 0.11
 Presence of infarcts − 0.07 0.41 − 0.03 0.77
 Presence of micro-bleeds − 0.04 0.57 0.11 0.21
 BPF [%] 0.18 0.14 0.17 0.21
 WMH [%] 0.11 0.37 0.03 0.82
 PSMD [mm2/s] − 0.23 0.10 − 0.05 0.74

For each regressor, we report its normalized regression coefficient (Beta), p-value