Table 4.
Adverse events after endoscopic mucosal resection for duodenal adenomas in univariate analysis.
| No AE (n = 130) | AE (n = 37) | n | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers of clips | 0 | 58 (70.7%) | 24 (29.3%) | 82 | 0.003 | |
| ≥ 1 | 72 (85.7%) | 13 (15.3%) | 85 | |||
| Size, in mm | < 30 mm | 82 (87.2%) | 12 (12.7%) | 94 | < 0.001 | |
| > 30 mm | 48 (65.8%) | 25 (34.2%) | 73 | |||
| Resection snare | Braided or condensed multifilament snare | 67 (84.8%) | 12 (15.2%) | 79 | 0.04 | |
| Monofilament snare | 63 (71.6%) | 25 (28.4%) | 88 | |||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 62.0 (14.4%) | 62.9 (13.6%) | 167 | 0.72 | ||
| ASA Score | 0 | 2 (2%) | 1 (3%) | 3 | 0.63 | |
| 1 | 60 (46%) | 14 (38%) | 74 | |||
| 2 | 44 (34%) | 13 (35%) | 57 | |||
| 3 | 24 (18%) | 9 (24%) | 33 | |||
| Antiplatelet/Anticoagulant | No | 103 (79%) | 33 (89%) | 136 | 0.17 | |
| Yes | 27 (21%) | 4 (11%) | 31 | |||
| Adjunction of epinephrine | No | 110 (85%) | 33 (89%) | 143 | 0.87 | |
| Yes | 20 (15%) | 4 (11%) | 24 | |||
| Bed closing with hemoclips | No | 75 (58%) | 27 (73%) | 102 | 0.09 | |
| Yes | 55 (42%) | 10 (27%) | 65 | |||
| Cap | No | 98 (75%) | 26 (70%) | 124 | 0.53 | |
| Yes | 32 (25%) | 11 (30%) | 43 | |||
| Type of endoscope | Gastroscope | 83 (64%) | 20 (54%) | 103 | 0.19 | |
| Pediatric colonoscope | 13 (10%) | 8 (22%) | 21 | |||
| Duodenoscope | 34 (26%) | 9 (24%) | 43 | |||
| FAP | No | 104 (80%° | 29 (78%) | 133 | 0.83 | |
| Yes | 26 (20%) | 8 (22%) | 34 | |||
| Localization | D1 | 14 (11%) | 3 (8.1%) | 17 | 0.84 | |
| D2 | 102 (78%) | 31 (83.8%) | 133 | |||
| D3/4 | 14 (11%) | 3 (8.1%) | 17 | |||
| Resection | En bloc | 54 (42%) | 9 (24%) | 63 | 0.057 | |
| Piecemeal | 76 (58%) | 28 (76%) | 104 | |||
| Sex | Male | 58 (45%) | 19 (51%) | 77 | 0.47 | |
| Female | 72 (55%) | 18 (49%) | 90 | |||
| Submucosal lifting solution | Saline solution | 98 (75%) | 29 (78%) | 127 | 0.14 | |
| Glycerol fructose | 31 (24%) | 6 (16%) | 37 | |||
| Lifting gel | 1 (1%) | 2 (6%) | 3 | |||
AE: adverse events, n: number; D1: first duodenum; D2: Second duodenum; D3/4: third & fourth duodenum; FAP: familial adenomatous polyposis.