Fig. 5. Multiferroic properties of the BAMO-Au system. (a) and (b) Ferromagnetic response of BAMO-Au thin films along out-of-plane and in-plane directions, respectively. The insets are the enlarged center area of the ferromagnetic hysteresis hoop showing the coercive field. (c) Amplitude and phase switching behavior as a function of tip bias for the BAMO-Au thin film grown at 580 °C. (d) Vertical PFM phase map for the BAMO-Au thin film grown at 580 °C, obtained by poling with +8 V (bright contrast) over 5 × 5 μm2 and −8 V (dark contrast) over 2 × 2 μm2. The outer area is not poled with voltage, and therefore has a random inherent phase. (e) Polar MOKE measurements for BAMO-Au films deposited at 580 °C. The magnetic field is applied along the out-of-plane direction. The hysteresis loop shows the magneto-optical coupling effect. (f) The experimental configuration for Polar MOKE measurements. The magnetic field is applied along the out of plane direction. The wavelength of the applied laser is about 630 nm.
