Fig. 9. (a) Schematic and (b) long-term cycling stability at the current density of 1 A g⁻¹ of a NGC//KTO KIHSCD (modified from ref. 125, copyright permission from the American Chemical Society); (c) schematic illustration and (d) cycling stability of a designed MnO₂//AC ZIHSCD (modified from ref. 126, copyright permission from Elsevier).