Table 2.
General characteristics of target population across tertiles (T) of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015)
| Variables | Total n(%) | Tertiles of HEI-2015 | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | ||||
| Total n(%) | 511 | 20 (3.9)a | 391 (76.5)a | 100 (19.6)a | ||
| Age (years) | 65—60 | 178 (34.8) | 30.0)) 6 | 130 (33.2) | 42 (42.0) | 0.377b |
| 74—65 | 240 (47.0) | 12 (60.0) | 185 (47.3) | 43 (43.0) | ||
| 80- 74 | 93 (18.2) | 2 (10.0) | 76 (19.4) | 15 (15.0) | ||
| sex | Male | 261 (51.1) | 16 (80.0) | 199 (50.9) | 46 (46.0) | 0.020b |
| Female | 250 (48.9) | 4 (20.0) | 192 (49.1) | 54 (54.0) | ||
| Ethnicity | Fars | 299 (58.7) | 55.0)) 11 | (56.2) 219 | (69.7) 69 | 0.047 |
| Other ethnic groups | 210 (41.3) | (45.0) 9 | 43.8)) 171 | (30.3) 30 | ||
| Education | Under-diploma | 337 (65.9) | 12 (60.0) | 261 (66.8) | 64 (64.0) | 0.780b |
| Diploma | 93 (18.2) | 3 (15.0) | 70 (17.9) | 20 (20.0) | ||
| University degree | 81 (15.9) | 5 (25.0) | 60 (15.3) | 16 (16.0) | ||
| Marital status | Single/widow/divorced | 95 (18.6) | 0 (0.0) | 74 (18.9) | 21 (21.0) | 0.054b |
| Married | 416 (81.4) | (100.0) 20 | 317 (81.1) | 79 (79.0) | ||
| Living status | Alone | 54 (10.6) | 2 (10.0) | 42 (10.7) | 10 (10.0) | 1.000b |
| With family/nurse | 457 (89.4) | 18 (90.0) | 349 (89.3) | 90 (90.0) | ||
| Job status | with income (paid job) | 285 (55.8) | 16 (80.0) | 214 (54.7) | 55 (55.0) | 0.084b |
| With no income | 226 (44.2) | 4 (20.0) | 177 (45.3) | 45 (45.0) | ||
| Monthly household income(million IRR) | < 10 | 80 (16.1) | 2 (10.0) | 59 (15.5) | 19 (19.4) | 0.306b |
| 10 – 20 | 219 (44.0) | 7 (35.0) | 178 (46.8) | 34 (34.7) | ||
| 20 – 30 | 107 (21.5) | 6 (30.0) | 77 (20.3) | 24 (24.5) | ||
| > 30 | 92 (18.5) | 5 (25.0) | 66 (17.4) | 21 (21.5) | ||
| Smoking status | Current smoker | 44 (8.6) | 1 (5.0) | 33 (8.5) | 10 (10.0) | 0.815b |
| Sleep pattern | Irregular | 195 (38.4) | 5 (25.0) | 157 (40.3) | 33 (33.7) | 0.222 |
| Taking medication | yes | 439 (86.2) | 16 (80.0) | 341 (87.7) | 82 (82.0) | 0.209b |
| ADL | Independent | 476 (93.7) | 8 (40.0) | 369 (94.9) | 99 (100.0) | 0.001b |
| IADL | Independent | 423 (83.8) | 17 (85.0) | 323 (83.5) | 83 (84.7) | 0.823b |
| BMI (kg/m2)c | 28.4019 4.65481 | 27.6986 4.03770 | 28.2945 4.68932 | 28.9602 4.64570 | 0.351 | |
| Mid-arm circumference (cm)c | 30.4768 3.57469 | 39.4700 5.43895 | 30.4715 3.46207 | 30.6990 3.55847 | 0.373 | |
| Calf circumference (cm)c | 37.3854 3.72989 | 35.8789 5.88270 | 37.4461 3.62947 | 37.4360 3.58703 | 0.200 | |
χ2 test was used to analyze qualitative variables and the results are reported as n (%). Percentages are based on HEI categories
aPercentages are related to the total number of studied population
bFisher’s Exact test was used for this variable
cObtained from ANOVA test and the results are reported as mean ± SD
ADL activities of daily living, IADL instrumental activities of daily living, BMI body mass index
For ADL and IADL, only independent groups were reported