Table 2.

Different biological nanopores characteristics. Adapted from [142]

Biological nanopore	Diameter (nm)	Analyte	Comment
α-HL	1.4	RNA, ssDNA, aa, polymers, peptides, proteins	Large-scale application due to its reproducible structure and easy manipulation by site-directed mutagenesis
MspA	1.2	ssDNA, dsDNA	Suitable geometry for nanopore DNA sequencing
Phi 29	3.6	ssDNA, dsDNA	Allowing for the detection of large analysts and offering more space for further modifications
ClyA	3.3	ssDNA, proteins	Suitable for the accommodation of small to medium-sized proteins within the nanopore lumen
FhuA	2.4	Enzymes, protein–DNA interaction	Examining the proteolytic activity of an enzyme at pH 3.9 and determining the kinetics of protein–DNA–aptamer interactions
Aerolysin	1–1.7	Peptides, proteins	Sensing the α-helix peptides and unfolded proteins
SP1	3	ssDNA	Analyzing of ssDNA