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. 2022 Aug 13;14:200245. doi: 10.1016/j.tvr.2022.200245

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Diagnostic assays and viral biomarkers in HPV-related HNSCCs identification

Concepts for possible diagnostic algorithms to identify HPV-driven HNSCC using a combination of direct (HPVDNA + E6*I mRNA/E6-E7 mRNA) and surrogate cellular markers (p16INK4a) of oncogenic HPV infection in fresh and FFPE tissues (lower panel). HPV-biomarkers in body fluids used in combination with diagnostic algorithm for early diagnosis and follow-up of HNSCCs (upper panel).