Table 1.
Studies of patients with tuberculosis in the intensive care setting.
| Study | Country (incidence per 100.000) | Study Duration | Study Design | Patients n | Mean* age of patients (years) | M:F | Co-morbidities n (%) | TB diagnosis before ICU admission n (%) | Indication for ICU admission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penner et al 27 (1995) | Canada (6) |
1984–1994 | Retrospective | 13 | 47 ± 14.0 | 6:7 | Alcohol abuse 6 (46.2) Malnourished 7 (53.8) |
7 (53.8) | NR |
| Erbes et al 14 (2006) | Germany (7) |
1990–2001 | Retrospective | 58 | 44.7 ± 17.7 | 36:12 | Malnourished 30 (51.7) Liver damage 38 (65.5) Alcohol abuse 35 (60.3) Smoking 40 (69.0) |
46 (79.3) | ARDS 47 (81.1%) |
| Sharma et al20 (2006) | India (199) |
1980–2003 | Retrospective | 29 | 31.6 ± 10.9 | 16:13 | Liver damage 11 (39.3) Alcohol abuse 3 (10.3) Diabetes 2 (6.9) Pregnancy/post partum 4 (13.8) |
6(19) | NR |
| Ryu et al 7 (2006) | Korea (66) |
1995–2005 | Retrospective | 32 | 69 (25–88) | 20:12 | Diabetes 4 (12.5) Tuberculosis destroyed lung 4 (12.5) Immunosuppressive therapy 5 (15.6) |
6 (19) | NR |
| Lin et al 28 (2009) | Taiwan (61) |
2004–2005 | Retrospective | 59 | 76.9 ± 9.8 (F) 70.8 ± 18.9 (S) |
46:13 | COPD 12 (20.3) CHF 11 (18.6) DM 13 (22.0) Chronic steroid use 13 (22.0) Malignancy 12 (20.3) |
NR | NR |
| Valade et al 13 (2012) | France (9) |
2000–2009 | Retrospective | 53 | 41 [32–52] | 40:13 | HIV 12 (23.6) Smoking 32 (60.4) Alcohol use 22 (41.5) IVDU 6 (11.3) |
40 (75) | NR |
| Balkema et al 29 (2014) | South Africa (520) |
2012–2013 | Prospective | 83 | 36.5 ± 12.9 | 38:45 | HIV 44 (53) DM 9 (10.8) COPD 6 (7.2) |
32 (38.6) | ARDS 56 (67.5) |
| Lanoix et al 30 (2014) | France (9) |
2000–2009 | Retrospective | 97 | 47.4 ± 14.7 | 77:20 | HIV 40 (41.2) | NR | Sepsis 7 (7.2) ARF 42 (43.3) Neurological disorder 25 (25.8) Haemoptysis 7 (7.2) |
| Rollas et al 8 (2015) | Turkey (16) |
2009–2014 | Retrospective | 16 | 45 [24–74] | 9:7 | Immunosuppression 8 (50) Heart failure 2 (12.5) |
NR | Neurological 5 (31.3) Sepsis 5 (31.3) Haemoptysis 1 (6.3) ARF 5 (31.3) |
| Filiz et al 31 (2016) | Turkey (16) |
2010–2013 | Retrospective | 35 | 47 [16–83] | 27:8 | DM 8 (22.9) Silicosis 2 (5.7) |
NR | ARF 20 (57.1) Sepsis 7 (20) Massive haemoptysis 3 (8.6) Extrapulmonary TB 3 (8.6) |
| Kim et al 21 (2016) | Korea (66) |
2011–2014 | Retrospective | 41 | 56.3 [47–73] | 35:6 | Hypertension 6 (14.6) DM 5 (12.2) Liver damage 4 (9.8) Malignancies 3 (7.3) |
10 (24.4) | NR |
| Duro et al 32 (2017) | Portugal (24) |
2007–2014 | Retrospective | 39 | 52 (37.5- 62.8) | 29:10 | Immunodeficiency 18 (46.2) Smoking 13 (33.3) Alcohol abuse 8 (20.5) Drug addiction 9 (23.1) COPD 8 (20.5) Malnourished 10 (25.6) |
39 (100) | ARF 20 (51.3) Septic shock 8 (20.5) Post surgical 5 (12.8) Post CPR 4 (10.3) LOC 2 (5.1) |
| Kim et al 33 (2018) | Korea (66) |
2005–2016 | Retrospective | 125 | 66 (57-74) | 104:21 | Smoking 59 (47.2) Diabetes 25 (20.0) Hypertension 31 (24.8) CHD/CVD 40 (32.0) Chronic lung disease 53 (42.4) Liver disease 8 (6.4) Chronic kidney disease 5 (4.0) Malignancy 13 (10.4) |
NR | Pneumonia 73 (58) Acute exacerbation 20 (16) Haemoptysis 19 (15) |
| Muthu et al 34 (2018) | India (199) |
2001–2016 | Retrospective | 63 | 37.3 ± 19 | 27:36 | NR | 55 (87.3) | NR |
| Tatar et al 19 (2018) | Turkey (16) |
2004–2010 | Retrospective | 40 | 55 (43-63) | 33: 7 | Smoking 22 (55) COPD 12 (30) Diabetes 7 (17.5) Cardiovascular disease 3 (7.5) Psychiatric disorder 3 (7.5) |
7 (17.5) | ARF 40 (100) |