Fig. 5.

The expressions of FIS1 in human valve interstitial cells was increased by fructose at high concentration. Representative gels and densitometric analyses of (A) mitochondrial fission 1 protein (FIS1) (B) mitochondrial fission factor (Mff) (C) dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and (D) p-DRP1 detected at 24 h incubated with 0, 2, or 20 mM fructose. Values are mean ± SEM, n = 4–6 in each experimental group. The sample size of each group was noted on the bar. ∗∗∗p < 0.001 versus 0 mM fructose group using the nonparametric, Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Dunn post hoc method were used for comparisons between groups.