Table 5.

Problems during operation and postoperative complications.

		Group A	Group B	Group C
Problems during operation n (%)	Stone access and/or removal	16 (27.1)	4 (6.5)	6 (10)
	Intra-operative bleeding	4 (6.8)	0 (0)	1 (1.7)
	Ureteric catheterization	6 (10.2)	0 (0)	0 (0)
	Retroperitoneal leakage	1 (1.7)	1 (1.6)	1 (1.7)
Postoperative complications n (%)	Bleeding	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)
	Fever	3 (5.1)	1 (1.6)	3 (5)
	Abdominal pain	3 (5.1)	0 (0)	1 (1.7)
	Nephrostomy side leakage	5 (8.5)	0 (0)	0 (0)
	Blood transfusion	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)
	Pyelonephritis	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)
	Fever + leakage	3 (5.1)	0 (0)	0 (0)
	Abdominal pain + leakage	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)
	Dyspnoea	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (1.7)