Table 3.
Descriptive and comparative analyses of velocity of oscillation (cm/s) in the conditions tested between elderly individuals in the control group and elderly individuals with chronic vestibular disorder with and without a history of falls.
| Velocity of oscillation (cm/s) of conditions | Groups | Average (SD) | Minimum and maximum values | ANOVA/Bonferroni test (CG-G1-G2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FS/Open eyes/Without stimulus | p = 0.002a | |||
| CG (n = 41) | 0.89 (0.26) | 0.80–0.96 | G1-CG (p = 1.000)b | |
| G1 (n = 40) | 0.92 (0.25) | 0.83–0.99 | G2-CG (p < 0.001)b | |
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.17 (0.46) | 0.99–1.28 | G1-G2 (p = 0.03)b | |
| FS/Closed eyes | p = 0.001a | |||
| CG (n = 41) | 1.11 (0.41) | 0.98–1.23 | G1-CG (p = 0.59)b | |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.23 (0.43) | 1.09–1.36 | G2-CG (p < 0.001)b | |
| G2 (n = 35) | 1.59 (0.67) | 1.34–1.84 | G1-G2 (p = 0.03)b | |
| Foam/Closed eyes | CG (n = 41) | 2.87 (1.36) | 2.44–3.30 | p = 0.05a |
| G1 (n = 40) | 3.06 (1.11) | 2.71–3.41 | ||
| G2 (n = 32) | 3.45 (1.15) | 3.04–3.86 | ||
| FS/Saccadic | CG (n = 41) | 1.25 (0.63) | 1.05–1.45 | p = 0.14a |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.35 (0.48) | 1.20–1.50 | ||
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.46 (0.59) | 1.23–1.68 | ||
| FS/Bars/Right optokinetic | CG (n = 41) | 1.25 (0.55) | 1.07–1.42 | p = 0.42a |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.23 (0.39) | 1.10–1.35 | ||
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.36 (0.49) | 1.19–1.55 | ||
| FS/Bars/Left optokinetic | CG (n = 41) | 1.19 (0.52) | 1.02–1.35 | p = 0.24a |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.17 (0.42) | 1.03–1.30 | ||
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.33 (0.47) | 1.14–1.48 | ||
| FS/Bars/Downward optokinetic | p = 0.030a | |||
| CG (n = 41) | 1.14 (0.47) | 0.98–1.28 | G1-CG (p = 1.000)b | |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.21 (0.47) | 1.06–1.36 | G2-CG (p = 0.03)b | |
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.41 (0.54) | 1.21–1.60 | G1-G2 (p = 0.24)b | |
| FS/Bars/Upward optokinetic | p = 0.014a | |||
| CG (n = 41) | 1.14 (0.46) | 0.99–1.28 | G1-CG (p = 1.000)b | |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.18 (0.40) | 1.05–1.30 | G2-CG (p = 0.015)b | |
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.50 (0.72) | 1.27–1.73 | G1-G2 (p = 0.08)b | |
| SF/Bars/VVI/Horizontal | p = 0.034a | |||
| CG (n = 41) | 1.47 (0.65) | 1.26–1.67 | G1-CG (p = 0.49)b | |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.64 (0.66) | 1.42–1.85 | G2-CG (p = 0.03)b | |
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.86 (0.83) | 1.61–2.22 | G1-G2 (p = 0.63)b | |
| SF/Bars/VVI/Vertical | CG (n = 41) | 1.69 (0.69) | 1.47–1.90 | p = 0.62a |
| G1 (n = 40) | 1.67 (0.54) | 1.49–1.83 | ||
| G2 (n = 36) | 1.79 (0.60) | 1.61–2.04 |
SD, Standard Deviation; CG, Control Group; G1, without falls; G2, with falls; FS, Firm Surface; VVI, Visual–Vestibular Interaction. Significance level α = 0.05.
a
ANOVA.
b
Bonferroni test.