Table 2.

Number of cases and referents per psychiatric disease code/overall mortality occurring during follow-up and the risk (HR) to develop such a disease in users of methylphenidate in comparison to non-users

Outcome	Case	Referents	HR (95% CI)*	HR (95% CI)†
Organic psychosis (delier)	154	96 850	8.3 (5.2 to 13.0)	1.7 (0.9 to 3.0)
Schizophrenia	50	96 830	1.6 (0.4 to 6.7)	0.9 (0.2 to 4.3)
Affective psychosis	64	96 807	3.5 (1.4 to 6.9)	1.2 (0.4 to 3.6)
Anxiety	1374	91 300	1.8 (1.4 to 2.4)	0.8 (0.6 to 1.1)
Hypochondria/hysteria	109	96 642	1.5 (0.5 to 4.0)	0.8 (0.3 to 2.6)
Depression	1468	88 706	2.7 (2.1 to 3.3)	1.0 (0.8 to 1.3)
Suicide/suicide attempt	129	96 498	5.5 (3.5 to 8.6)	2.0 (1.1 to 3.6)
Burnout/overstrain	1583	90 767	1.4 (1.0 to 1.8)	1.0 (0.7 to 1.4)
Other neuroses	183	96 172	2.0 (1.0 to 3.9)	0.7 (0.4 to 1.6)
Personality disorder	412	95 485	6.0 (4.5 to 7.9)	1.2 (0.8 to 1.6)
Other non-specified psychotic disorder	162	96 584	3.2 (1.8 to 5.7)	0.9 (0.5 to 1.8)
Other psychiatric disorder	538	95 019	4.9 (3.8 to 6.5)	1.4 (0.9 to 1.8)
Any psychosis	347	95 727	4.8 (3.4 to 6.8)	1.3 (0.9 to 2.0)
Death‡	946	96 252	7.5 (6.3 to 8.9)	1.3 (1.1 to 1.6)

*All HRs are adjusted for sex, and age by matching.

†All HRs are adjusted for sex, age, smoking, BMI, alcohol abuse, acute alcohol intoxication, medicines abuse, tobacco abuse, drug abuse, psychosis in history (for non-psychotic endpoints), depression in history (for non-depressive endpoints), anxiety in history (for non-anxiety endpoints), neuroses in history, personality disorder, other psychiatric disease and for ‘intention-to-treat’.

‡Additionally are adjusted for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and decreased renal function.

BMI, body mass index.