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. 2021 Mar 17;23(7):6709–6719. doi: 10.1109/TITS.2021.3061076

TABLE III. The Results of the DROVT.

Methods Total objective Total risk Total distance (/km) Computing time (/s)
Hybrid meta-heuristics 484.25 404.25 56,424.55 5,875.3
ALNS 498.25 407.28 58,923.14 5,580.5
Gap −2.89% −0.75% −4.43% 5.02%