Table 1.
Mean ± standard deviation of anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical variables pre and post-14 weeks of combined training (PG: n = 24; NGG: n = 24).
| Variables | Group | PRE | POST | p (group) | p (time) | p (group x time) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | PG | 61.3±5.2 | 0.184 | |||
| NGG | 59.9±4.8 | |||||
| Anthropometrics | ||||||
| Stature (m) | PG | 1.6±0.1 | 0.199 | |||
| NGG | 1.6±0.1 | |||||
| BM (kg) | PG | 74.2±12.3 | 74.2±11.6 | 0.229 | 0.858 | 0.848 |
| NGG | 70.3±8.2 | 70.2±8.0 | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | PG | 30.7±4.2 | 30.1±4.2 | 0.223 | 0.188 | 0.892 |
| NGG | 28.2±3.2 | 27.8±2.8 | ||||
| WC (cm) | PG | 95.2±11.1 | 98.3±12.6 | 0.278 | 0.728 | 0.081 |
| NGG | 94.1±10.3 | 92.2±9.4 | ||||
| HC (cm) | PG | 108.5±8.8 | 106.2±10.0 | 0.166 | 0.386 | 0.139 |
| NGG | 103.6±7.3 | 104.2±6.2 | ||||
| Blood pressure | ||||||
| SBP (mmHg) | PG | 140.9±20.1 | 126.7±15.1 | <0.001# | <0.001* | 0.192 |
| NGG | 123.7±9.6 | 115.5±9.0 | ||||
| DBP (mmHg) | PG | 82.0±12.3 | 77.7±8.5 | 0.003# | 0.016* | 0.48 |
| NGG | 74.0±6.7 | 71.6±5.4 | ||||
| Biochemistries | ||||||
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | PG | 4.3±1.2 | 4.5±1.3 | 0.234 | 0.187 | 0.928 |
| NGG | 4.0±1,1 | 4.1±1.0 | ||||
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | PG | 220.2±37.0 | 207.2±38.1 | 0.614 | 0.010* | 0.909 |
| NGG | 212.8±33.1 | 201.9±29.1 | ||||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | PG | 115.1±24.0 | 104.9±12.0 | <0.001# | 0.23 | 0.05 |
| NGG | 92.7±4.6 | 95.4±7.4 | ||||
| HDL (mg/dL) | PG | 50.7±9.4 | 48.9±8.9 | 0.026# | 0.006* | 0.114 |
| NGG | 59.9±14.1 | 53.3±11.7 | ||||
| LDL (mg/dL) | PG | 135.6±37.1 | 131.1±37.3 | 0.299 | 0.198 | 0.848 |
| NGG | 127.4±30.6 | 119.9±40.8 | ||||
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | PG | 152.9±49.1 | 131.6±36.0 | 0.073 | 0.001* | 0.654 |
| NGG | 128.3±50.5 | 112.1±38.0 | ||||
| Insulin UI/ml | PG | 14.1±11.9 | 14.9±10.0 | 0.052 | 0.108 | 0.694 |
| NGG | 8.8±4.9 | 10.5±5.1 | ||||
| HOMAR IR | PG | 71.5±63.8 | 71.7±54.3 | 0.018# | 0.316 | 0.338 |
| NGG | 36.4±19.6 | 44.7±22.7 | ||||
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoproteins LDL, low-density lipoproteins; CM, centimeters; mmHg, millimeters of mercury; kg, kilogram; m, meters; PG, prediabetes group; NGG, normal glucose group. *statistical difference time; #statistical difference group; p < 0.05 for pre versus post (repeated measures two-way ANOVA was used).