Table 2.

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of CRS-1 occurrence in ADHF patients.

Variables	Univariate			Multivariate
	OR	95% CI	p Value	OR	95% CI	p Value
Age > 65 years	1.157	0.502–2.667	0.732	–	–	–
Sex (female)	1.956	0.811–4.714	0.135	–	–	–
Body mass index <20 kg/m2	1.460	0.643–3.312	0.366	–	–	–
Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg	1.647	0.717–3.785	0.240	–	–	–
Atrial fibrillation	1.824	0.790–4.209	0.159	–	–	–
Smoking	2.311	1.007–5.302	0.048	3.717	0.947–14.589	0.060
NYHA class IV	2.989	1.288–6.934	0.011	0.624	0.163–2.391	0.492
Diabetes mellitus	2.699	1.125–6.473	0.026	2.446	0.536–11.164	0.248
Chronic kidney disease	13.579	3.946–46.729	<0.001	4.903	0.927–25.942	0.061
Serum creatinine > 90 μmol/L	9.332	2.647–32.915	<0.001	4.559	0.792–26.241	0.089
Plasma BNP > 1000 pg/m	8.333	3.087–22.493	<0.001	3.284	0.572–18.848	0.182
Plasma NT-proBNP > 5000 pg/mL	6.117	2.513–14.891	<0.001	1.036	0.572–18.848	0.969
uNT-proBNP/uCr > 30 pg/nmol	12.772	3.616–45.117	<0.001	5.153	1.012–26.232	0.048
Plasma NGAL > 40 ng/mL	5.143	2.006–13.187	<0.001	3.319	0.769–14.322	0.108
Plasma PENK > 45 pg/mL	10.125	3.266–31.393	<0.001	8.503	1.683–42.967	0.010

CRS-1: cardiorenal syndrome type 1; ADHF: acute decompensated heart failure; Ref: reference range; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; uNT-proBNP: Urine N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; uCr: urine creatinine; NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; PENK: proenkephalin.

The cutoff values of age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, plasma BNP, plasma NT-proBNP, uNT-proBNP/uCr, plasma NGAL, and plasma PENK were calculated with the Youden index based on the predictive power of each variable for the CRS-1 occurrence.