Table 1.
Overview of the basic characteristics and auxiliary material of each ventilator tested.
| Ventilator | Modes tested | Ventilation mechanism | Flow and pressure sensor | PEEP mechanism | O2 control | Tubing system | Trigger detection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girtec GirVent | PC-CMV | Blower | In house development | Active by blower | Low-pressure | Double lumen | Pressure |
| CERN HEV | PC-CMV | Pressurized valve system | Hamilton flow and pressure sensor | Passive valve | High-pressure | Coaxial tube | Flow |
| ETH Zurich breathe | VC-CMV | Resuscitator | SFM3019 and MFPX5010DP | Passive valve | Low-pressure | Single lumen tube | Flow |
| Hamilton T1 | PCV+, (S)CMV+ | Blower | Hamilton flow and pressure sensor | Active by blower | Low- and high-pressure | Coaxial tube | Flow |
The O2 control system is either feed-forward defined by the low-pressure O2 supply setting (flow rate) or controlled in a closed loop with a high-pressure supply.
PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; PC-CMV, pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation; VC-CMV, volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation; PCV+, pressure-controlled ventilation; (S)CMV+, synchronized controlled mandatory ventilation.