TABLE 2.
Chemical components structurally identified from S. nigrum.
No | Chemical constituents | Molecular formula | CAS | Extracts | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steroidal saponins | |||||
1 | Diosgenin | C27H42O3 | 512-04-9 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
Tsuyoshi et al. (2003) | |||||
2 | Degalactotigonin | C50H82O22 | 39941-51-0 | EtOH | Wang (2007) |
3 | Stigmasterol | C29H48O | 83-48-7 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
4 | Pterosterone | C27H44O7 | 18089-44-6 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
5 | 12-keto-porrigenin | C27H42O5 | 189014-45-7 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
6 | 28-O-β- d-glucopyranosyl betulinic acid 3β-O-β-D glucopyranoside | C42H68O13 | EtOH | Yang (2014) | |
7 | β-daucosterol | C35H60O6 | 474-58-8 | EtOH | Yang (2014) |
8 | (25R)-5α-furost-3β, 22α-diol-12-one-26-carboxylicacid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosy-(1→4)-[O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O- β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | C47H76O20 | EtOH | Li (2010b) | |
9 | Tigogenin3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[O-β-d-xyloyranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | C52H86O21 | EtOH | Li (2010b) | |
10 | Uttroside A | C57H96O28 | 82003-86-9 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
11 | Uttroside B | C56H94O28 | 88048-09-3 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
12 | (22α, 25R)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-22-methoxy-furost-Δ5-3β, 26-diol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl | C57H94O28 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
-(1→2)-O-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | |||||
13 | (22α, 25R)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-22-hydroxy-furost-Δ5-3β, 26-diol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H92O28 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
14 | (5α, 22α, 25R)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-22-methoxy-furostan-3β, 26-diol-3-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]- O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | C58H98O29 | 108886-03-9 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
15 | (5α, 22α, 25R)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxy-furost-3β,26-diol-3-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H96O29 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
16 | Solanigroside I | C62H104O31 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
17 | Solanigroside J | C61H102O31 | 1354759-80-0 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
18 | Solanigroside K | C57H94O28 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
19 | Solanigroside L | C57H92O28 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
20 | Solanigroside M | C57H92O28 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
21 | Solanigroside N | C57H94O28 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
22 | Solanigroside R | C50H84O23 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006), Tai et al. (2018) | |
23 | Solanigroside S | C50H86O23 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
24 | Solanigroside T | C45H84O22 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
25 | Hypoglaucin H | C39H60O15 | 50773-43-8 | EtOH | Zhou (2006) |
26 | 5α-pregn-16-en-3β-ol-20-one-lycotetraoside | C44H70O21 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
27 | Solanigroside A | C49H78O24 | 1029362-42-2 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
28 | Solanigroside B | C45H72O22 | 1029362-44-4 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
29 | (5α, 20S)-3β, 16β-dihydroxy pregn-22-carboxylic acid (22, 16)-lactone-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-D-xylopy ranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-d- glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | C45H72O22 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
30 | Solanigroside U | C50H80O25 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
31 | Solanigroside V | C50H80O25 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
32 | Solanigroside W | C45H70O22 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
33 | Solanigroside X | C45H72O23 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
34 | Nigrumnin I | C55H90O25 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
35 | Solanigroside C | C51H82O26 | 905914-27-4 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
36 | Solanigroside D | C55H88O27 | 905914-28-5 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
37 | Solanigroside E | C55H88O28 | 905914-29-6 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
38 | Solanigroside F | C56H92O28 | 905914-30-9 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
39 | Solanigroside G | C50H82O23 | 905914-31-0 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
40 | Solanigroside O | C51H86O23 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
41 | Nigroside A | C56H94O29 | 386747-86-0 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
42 | Tigogenin/(25R)-5α-spirostan-3β-ol | C27H44O3 | EtOH | Wu (2011) | |
43 | (25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cholest-5(6)-en-3β, 26-diol-16,22-dione-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl | C51H86NO23 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2018) | |
-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-galactopyranoside | |||||
44 | (25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cholest-5(6)-en-3β, 26-diol-16,22-dione-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl | C45H76NO18 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2018) | |
-(1→4)-β-d-glucopyranoside | |||||
45 | (25S)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cholest-5(6)-en-3β, 26-diol-16, 22-dione-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl | C57H96NO27 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2018) | |
-(1→2)-[α-Lrhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside | |||||
46 | (25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cholest-5(6)-en-3β, 26-diol-16, 22-dione-3-O-α-Lrhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside | C63H106NO32 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2018) | |
47 | (25S)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cholest-5(6)-en-3β, 26-diol-16, 22-dione-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl | C57H96NO28 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2018) | |
-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-d-galactopyranoside | |||||
48 | (25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cholest-5(6)-en-3β, 26-diol-16, 22-dione-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H96NO28 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2018) | |
49 | (25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cholest-5α-3β, 26-diol-16, 22-dione-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H98NO29 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2018) | |
50 | Stigmast-5, 22-dien-3β-ol | C29H48O | EtOH | Sharma et al. (2012) | |
51 | Inunigroside A | C50H82O23 | 1427934-51-7 | MeOH | Ohho et al. (2012) |
52 | Solanigroside Y1 | C51H82O26 | 2098576-14-6 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
53 | Solanigroside Y2 | C51H82O26 | 2098576-15-7 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
54 | Solanigroside Y3 | C51H80O26 | 2098576-16-8 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
55 | Solanigroside Y4 | C45H70O21 | 2098576-17-9 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
56 | Solanigroside Y5 | C57H94O28 | 2098576-18-0 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
57 | Solanigroside Y6 | C57H94O27 | 2098576-19-1 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
58 | Solanigroside Y7 | C63H106O34 | 2098576-20-4 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
59 | Solanigroside Y8 | C62H104O33 | 2098576-21-5 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
60 | Solanigroside Y9 | C62H104O33 | 2098576-22-6 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
61 | (25R)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosylfurost-5(6)-ene-3β, 22α, 26-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H96O30 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) | |
62 | (25R)-26-O-β-Dglucopyranosylfurost-5(6)-ene-3β, 22α, 26-triol-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside | C57H92O25 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) | |
63 | (25R)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosylfurost-5(6)-ene-16α-methoxy-3β, 26-diol-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl | C39H60O16 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) | |
-(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside | |||||
64 | (25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-5α-furost-3β, 22α, 26-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H94O30 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) | |
65 | (25S)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-5α-furost-3β, 22α, 26-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H94O30 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) | |
66 | (25R)-26-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl-22α-methoxy-5α-furost-3β, 26-diol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside | C57H96O30 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) | |
67 | Uttroside B ((25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-5α-furost-3β, 22α, 26-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl | C56H94O28 | 88048-09-3 | MeOH | Wang et al. (2017) |
-(1→2)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-d-galactopyranoside) | |||||
68 | β-sitosterol | C29H50O | 83-46-5 | EtOH | Yang (2014) |
69 | β-carotene glycosides | C35H58O6 | EtOH | Yang (2014) | |
70 | Tigogenin | C27H44O3 | 77-60-1 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
71 | Uttronin A | C50H82O22 | 39941-51-0 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
72 | Uttronin B | C39H62O12 | 84955-03-3 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
73 | Dumoside | C40H62O16 | 221526-58-5 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
74 | Nigrumnin II | C55H88O27 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
75 | Solanigroside H | C51H82O22 | 905914-32-1 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
76 | Cholesterol | C27H46O | 57-88-5 | EtOH | Geng et al. (2020) |
Alkaloids | |||||
77 | β1-solasonine | C39H63NO11 | 73069-18-8 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
78 | β2-solasonine | C39H63NO12 | 73069-19-9 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
79 | Solamargine | C45H73NO15 | 20311-51-7 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006), Wang (2007) |
80 | β2-solamargine | C39H63NO11 | 32449-98-2 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) Wang (2007) |
81 | Solanigroside P | C39H63NO12 | 1446029-15-7 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
82 | Solanigroside Q | C45H69NO15 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006), Tai et al. (2018) | |
83 | (3β, 12β, 22α, 25R)-3, 12-dihydroxy-spirosol-5-en-27-oic acid | C27H41NO5 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
84 | Solaoiacid | C44H83NO19 | H2O | Shi et al. (2019) | |
85 | (25R)-22αN-4-nor-spirosol-5(6)-en-3β-ol-6-al-3-O-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside | C45H72NO16 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) | |
86 | (25R)-22αN-spirosol-5(6)-en-3β-ol-7-oxo-3-O-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside | C45H72NO16 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) | |
87 | (25R)-22αN-spirosol-4(5)-en-3β-ol-6-oxo-3-O-α-Lrhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl | C45H72NO16 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) | |
-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside | |||||
88 | Solasodine | C27H43NO2 | 126-17-0 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
89 | N-methylsolasodine | C28H45NO2 | 7604-92-4 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
90 | Tomatidenol | C27H43NO2 | 546-40-7 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
91 | Solanocapsine | C27H46N2O2 | 639-86-1 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2020), Zhou (2006) |
92 | Solanaviol | C27H43NO3 | 74131-93-4 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
93 | Solasodine-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | C33H53NO7 | EtOH | Chang et al. (2017) | |
94 | 12β-hydroxysolasodine β-solatrioside | C45H73NO17 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
95 | 12β, 27-dihydroxy solasodine β-chacotrioside | C45H73NO17 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) | |
96 | 23-O-acetyl-12β-hydroxysolasodine | C29H45NO15 | 117803-97-1 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
97 | (3β, 22α, 25R)-spirosol-5-en-3yl-O-α-l-Rhamanopyranosyl-(1-2)-[O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1–3)]-O-β-d-galactopyranoside | C39H85NO15 | 101009-59-0 | EtOH | Yang (2014) |
98 | 15α-hydroxysolasodine | C27H43NO3 | 10009-88-8 | EtOH | Wu (2011) |
99 | α-Solanine | C45H73NO15 | 20562-02-1 | EtOH | Huang et al. (2020) |
100 | Solasonine | C45H73NO16 | 19121-58-5 | EtOH | He et al. (2015), Zhou (2006) |
101 | Leptinine I | C45H73NO15 | EtOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
102 | (7R, 8S)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-{4-{2-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]Carbamoylehenyl | C28H32NO8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
-2-methoxyphenoxyl}}-1, 3-propanodiolnamed | |||||
103 | (7S, 8R)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-{4-{2-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]Carbamoylehenyl | C28H32NO8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
-2-methoxyphenoxyl}}-1, 3-propanodiolnamed | |||||
104 | (7R, 8R)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-{4-{2-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]Carbamoylehenyl | C28H32NO8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
-2-methoxyphenoxyl}}-1, 3-propanodiolnamed | |||||
105 | (7S, 8S)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-{4-{2-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]Carbamoylehenyl-2-methoxyphenoxyl}}-1, 3-propanodiolnamed | C28H32NO8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
106 | 7′S, 8′R-7-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N2, N3-bis(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-6-methoxy | C36H37N2O8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
-1, 2-dihydronaphthalene-2, 3-dicarboxamide | |||||
107 | 7′R, 8′S-7-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N2, N3-bis(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-6-methoxy | C36H37N2O8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
-1, 2-dihydronaphthalene-2, 3-dicarboxamide | |||||
108 | 7′R, 8′S-7-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3′-hydroxymethyl-1′-[N-7″-(4″-hydrxyphenyl)ethyl] carbamoylethenyl-3′-methoxybenzodihydrofuran | C29H31NO8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
109 | 7′S, 8′R-7-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3′-hydroxymethyl-1′-[N-7″-(4″-hydrxyphenyl)ethyl] carbamoylethenyl-3′-methoxybenzodihydrofuran | C29H31NO8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
110 | (7′R, 8′R)-2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl-5-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoylethenyl-7-methoxybenzodihydrofurn | C36H36N2O8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
111 | (7′S, 8′S)-2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl-5-[N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoylethenyl-7-methoxybenzodihydrofurn | C36H36N2O8 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) | |
112 | Cannabisin F | C36H36N2O8 | 163136-19-4 | EtOH | Li et al. (2019) |
113 | Adenine | C5H5N5 | 73-24-5 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
114 | Pyroglutamic acid | C5H7NO3 | 98-79-3 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
115 | Nicotinic acid | C6H5NO2 | 59-67-6 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
116 | 9-aminononane-1,3,9-tricarboxylic acid | C12H21NO6 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
117 | Glutarylcarnitine | C12H21NO6 | 102636-82-8 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
118 | (6S)-3-((1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl)-6-amino-1, 4-diazocane-2, 5, 8-trione | C10H13N5O3 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
119 | 3-Indoleacrylic acid | C11H9NO2 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
120 | 6-Hydroxypurine | C5H4N4O | 68-94-0 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
121 | Uridine | C9H12N2O6 | 58-96-8 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
122 | Ethyl 4-glycylbenzoate | C11H13NO3 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
123 | Adenosine | C10H13N5O4 | 58-61-7 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021), Wang (2007) |
124 | Dihydrocapsaicin | C18H29NO3 | 19408-84-5 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
125 | Choline | C5H14NO | 62-49-7 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
126 | Betaine | C5H11NO2 | 107-43-7 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
127 | Allantoin | C4H6N4O3 | 97-59-6 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
128 | Uracil | C4H4N2O2 | 66-22-8 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
129 | Trigonelline | C7H7NO2 | 535-83-1 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
130 | (2-acetoxyethyl)trimethylammonium | C7H16NO2 + | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
131 | Glycyl-l-leucine | C8H16N2O3 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
132 | GABA | C4H9NO2 | 56-12-2 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
133 | FMoc-Asn(Trt)-OPfp | C44H31F5N2O5 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
Phenylpropanoids | |||||
134 | Trans-4-Hydroxycinnamic acid | C9H8O3 | 501-98-4 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2019b) |
135 | Cis-4-Hydroxycinnamic acid | C9H8O3 | 4501-31-9 | EtOH | Liu Z et al. (2019) |
136 | Ethyl 3, 4-dihydroxycinnaMate | C11H12O4 | 102-37-4 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2019a) |
137 | Cis-caffeic acid ethyl ester | C11H12O4 | 74257-25-3 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2019b) |
138 | Trans ferulic acid | C10H10O4 | 537-98-4 | EtOH | Liu Z et al. (2019) |
139 | Cis-ferulic acid | C10H10O4 | 1014-83-1 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2019a) |
140 | Caffeic acid | C9H8O4 | 331-39-5 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
141 | 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylenebutyrolactone | C11H10O3 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2019b) | |
142 | Chlorogenic acid | C16H18O9 | 327-97-9 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
143 | 3-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester | C17H20O9 | 123483-19-2 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) |
144 | Scopoletin | C10H8O4 | 92-61-5 | EtOH | Zhao (2010), Wang et al. (2007), Wang (2007) |
145 | (−)-5′-methoxyisolariciresinol-3α-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | C27H36O12 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) | |
146 | (+)-isolariciresinol-3α-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | C26H34O11 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) | |
147 | Cinnacassoside A | C26H36O12 | 1691248-24-4 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) |
148 | Pinoresinol | C20H22O6 | 81446-29-9 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
149 | Pinoresinol-4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | C26H32O11 | 69251-96-3 | EtOH | Wang et al. (2007), Wang (2007) |
150 | Syringaresinol | C22H26O8 | 487-35-4 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
151 | Syringaresinol-4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | C28H36O13 | 137038-13-2 | EtOH | Wang et al. (2007), Wang (2007) |
152 | Medioresinol | C21H24O7 | 40957-99-1 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
153 | Acanthoside D | C34H46O18 | 573-44-4 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) |
154 | (+)-medioresonol-di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | C33H44O17 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) | |
Flavonoids | |||||
155 | Quercetin | C15H10O7 | 117-39-5 | EtOH | Yang (2014) |
156 | Quercitrin | C21H20O11 | 522-12-3 | EtOH | Yang (2014) |
157 | Isoquercitrin | C21H20O12 | 21637-25-2 | EtOH | Yang (2014) |
158 | Quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-β-d-glucopyranoside | C27H30O17 | EtOH | Yang (2014) | |
159 | Quercetin-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside | C28H32O17 | MeOH | Xiang et al. (2019) | |
160 | Quercetin-3-gentiobioside | C27H30O17 | 7431-83-6 | EtOH | Wu (2011) |
161 | Quercetin-3-O-α-l-rhaopyranosyl(1→4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside | C28H32O17 | EtOH | Li (2010b) | |
162 | 6-Hydroxyluteolin 7-sophoroside | C27H30O17 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) | |
163 | Kaempferol | C15H10O6 | 520-18-3 | EtOH | Liu Z et al. (2019) |
164 | (8-hydroxy-3′-β-d-galactosyl-isoflavone)-2′-8″-(4‴-hydroxy-flavone)-biflavone | C36H28O11 | EtOAc | Sabudak et al. (2017) | |
165 | 2′, 3′, 5-trihydroxy-5″-methoxy-3″-O- α-glucosyl-3-4‴-O-biflavone | C36H30O15 | EtOAc | Sabudak et al. (2017) | |
Benzoic acids | |||||
166 | Gallic acid | C7H6O5 | 149-91-7 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
167 | 2, 4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | C7H6O4 | 89-86-1 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
168 | Protocatechuic acid | C7H6O4 | 99-50-3 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
169 | Vanillic acid | C8H8O4 | 121-34-6 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
170 | 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid | C7H6O3 | 99-96-7 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2019a) |
171 | Salicylic acid | C7H6O3 | 69-72-7 | EtOH | Liu et al. (2019b) |
172 | 2, 5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid | C7H6O4 | 490-79-9 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
Other compounds | |||||
173 | Galacturonic acid | C6H10O7 | 14982-50-4 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
174 | Pyruvic acid | C3H4O3 | 127-17-3 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
175 | Formic acid | CH2O2 | 64-18-6 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
176 | Succinic acid | C4H6O4 | 110-15-6 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
177 | Fumaric acid | C4H4O4 | 110-17-8 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
178 | Ursolic acid | C30H48O3 | 77-52-1 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
179 | Linolenic acid | C18H30O2 | 463-40-1 | MeOH | Gao et al. (2021) |
180 | Oleic acid | C18H34O2 | 112-80-1 | EtOH | Wang (2007) |
181 | Linoleic acid | C18H32O2 | 60-33-3 | EtOH | Wang (2007) |
182 | Palmitic acid | C16H32O2 | 57-10-3 | EtOH | Wang (2007) |
183 | 1-monolinolenin | C21H36O4 | 75685-85-7 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
184 | Lignoceric acid | C24H48O2 | 557-59-5 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) |
185 | (E)-docosyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylate | C32H54O4 | EtOH | Zhao (2010) | |
186 | α-carotene | C40H56 | 432-70-2 | EtOH | Wu (2011) |
187 | β-carotene | C40H56 | 7235-40-7 | EtOH | Wu (2011) |
188 | Xanthophyll | C40H56O2 | 127-40-2 | EtOH | Wu (2011) |