TABLE 3.

Monosaccharides composition, molecular weight, structures, and bioactivities of polysaccharides purified from S. nigrum.

No.	Polysaccharides	Monosaccharide composition	M.W. (Da)	Structures	Bioactivities	References
1	S1	mannose, glucose, galactose, arabinose in a ratio of 1.00: 8.32: 6.72: 2.90	5.44 × 104	ND	Prebiotic effects	Yao et al. (2020)
2	S2	rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, arabinose in a ratio of 1.00: 0.76: 4.57: 7.25: 4.49	7.22 × 104	ND	Prebiotic effects	Yao et al. (2020)
3	SNL-1	rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, glucose in a ratio of 4.9: 1: 2. 4: 13	5.30 × 103	α-glycosidic and β- glycosidic linkages	ND	Xiao and Zeng (1998)
4	SNL-2	glucose, arabinose in a ratio of 13.3: 1	1.12 × 104	α-glycosidic and β- glycosidic linkages	ND	Xiao and Zeng (1998)
5	SNL-3	xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose in a ratio of 75.7: 9.2: 4.9: 10.2	2.37 × 104	1, 3 xyl residue linkage	Immunomodulatory activity	Xiao and Zeng (2000)
6	SNL-4	xylose, mannose galactose in a ratio of 89.4: 1.7: 8.9	4.77 × 104	1, 3 xyl residue linkage	Immunomodulatory activity	Xiao and Zeng (2000)
7	SNL-WP-1	galactose, glucose, mannose, arabinose in a ratio of 1.8: 1: 1.2: 2	1.41 × 104	β-glycosidic linkages	Antitumor activity	Li (2010a)
8	SNL-WP-2	galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, arabinose in a ratio of 5.4:10.4: 1.4: 1: 1.6	9.12 × 103	ND	Antitumor activity	Li (2010a)
9	SNL-AP-1	galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, arabinose in a ratio of 28: 1: 6: 51: 13	>1.6× 106	β-glycosidic linkages	Antitumor activity	Li (2010a)
10	SNL-AP-2	galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, arabinose in a ratio of 5.8: 1: 1.3: 2.6: 2	>1.6× 106	β-glycosidic linkages	Antitumor activity	Li (2010a)
11	SNLBP	xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose in a ratio of 82.2: 7.4: 3.8: 6.6	ND	β-glycosidic linkages	Immunomodulatory activity	Liu (2003)
12	SNL-P1a	rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, glucose	ND	β (1→3) glycosidic bond	Immunomodulatory and antitumor activity	Li (2009)