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. 2022 Aug 16;13:960909. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.960909

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Copyright © 2022 Papait, Ragni, Cargnoni, Vertua, Romele, Masserdotti, Perucca Orfei, Signoroni, Magatti, Silini, De Girolamo and Parolini

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of hAMSC-CM and its fractions (EV-free and EVs) on PBMC proliferation. Allogeneic PBMC (1 × 10⁵) were stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody in the presence of 100, 50, 25, or 10 µl of hAMSC-CM in toto or with the same volume of the EV-free or EV fractions. Results are expressed as percentage of EdU+ cells representative of the proliferating cells. PBMCs stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb constitute the positive control. Results are displayed as violin plots showing median (thick line) and 25th and 75th quartiles (***p < 0.001 versus control (PBMC + anti-CD3), N ≥ 3.