Table 2.
Surgical methods and post-operative outcomes.
| CNSM | RNSM | p-value b | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 270) | (n = 41) | |||
| Hospital stay (days) | 12 ± 3 | 14 ± 4 | 0.001 c | |
| Total operation time (min) | 303.9 ± 195.9 | 308.9 ± 75.5 | < 0.001 c | |
| Mastectomy time (min) | 104.5 ± 40.5 | 181.5 ± 44.7 | < 0.001 c | |
| Console time (min) | – | 64 ± 40 | – | |
| Reconstruction time (min) | 196.8 ± 182.5 | 140.5 ± 52.5 | 0.019 c | |
| Operation site | Left | 139 (51.5) | 19 (46.3) | 0.616 |
| Right | 131 (48.5) | 22 (53.7) | ||
| Reconstruction types | T/E | 190 (70.4) | 21 (51.2) | < 0.001 |
| DTI | 5 (1.9) | 20 (48.8) | ||
| TRAM | 73 (27.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| LD | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Incision types | IMF | 51 (18.9) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
| Radial | 32 (11.9) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Upper-periareolar with extension | 120 (44.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Lower-periareolar with extension | 52 (19.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Circumareolar | 3 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Elliptical | 12 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Lateral or axillary | 0 (0.0) | 41 (100.0) | ||
| SLNB a | No | 20 (7.7) | 2 (5.9) | > 0.99 |
| Yes | 239 (92.3) | 32 (94.1) | ||
| ALND a | No | 224 (86.5) | 31 (91.2) | 0.592 |
| Yes | 35 (13.5) | 3 (8.8) | ||
| Margin status a | No | 245 (98.8) | 33 (97.1) | 0.423 |
| Yes | 3 (1.2) | 1 (2.9) | ||
Values are represented as mean ± SD or number (percentage). ALND, axillary lymph node dissection; CNSM, conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy; DTI, direct-to-implant; IMF, inframammary fold; LD, latissimus dorsi flap; RNSM, robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy; SLNB, sentinel lymph node biopsy; T/E, tissue expander; TRAM, transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap.
a
29 cases of benign disease or BRCA mutation carriers were not included (n = 282).
b
Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.
c
Student’s t test or Mann Whitney test.