Table 3.
Pharyngeal carriage of N. meningitidis by socioepidemiological and clinical characteristics.
| Characteristics | Categories | 1–4 years (n = 20/N = 323) |
5–9 years (n = 18/N = 213) |
10–14 years (n = 20/N = 160) |
15–19 years (n = 16/N = 127) |
20–24 years (n = 13/N = 143) |
Total (n = 87/N = 967) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N (%) | 95% CI | n/N (%) | 95% CI | n/N (%) | 95% CI | n/N (%) | 95% CI | n/N (%) | 95% CI | n/N (%) | 95% CI | ||
| Gender | Female | 7/139 (5.0) | (2.0–10.4) | 9/106 (8.5) | (3.9–16.1) | 12/70 (17.1) | (8.9–30.0) | 10/77 (13.0) | (6.2–23.9) | 9/105 (8.6) | (3.9–16.3) | 47/497 (9.5) | (7.0–12.6) |
| Male | 13/184 (7.1) | (3.8–12.1) | 9/107 (8.4) | (3.9–16.0) | 8/90 (8.9) | (3.8–17.5) | 6/50 (12.0) | (4.4–26.1) | 4/39 (10.3) | (2.8–26.3) | 40/470 (8.5) | (6.1–11.6) | |
| SES | Low | 20/312 (6.4) | (3.9–9.9) | 18/205 (8.8) | (5.2–13.9) | 20/155 (12.9) | (7.9–19.9) | 15/117 (12.8) | (7.2–21.2) | 10/118 (8.5) | (4.1–15.6) | 83/907 (9.2) | (7.3–11.3) |
| Medium | 0/11 (0.0) | (0.0–33.5) | 0/7 (0.0) | (0.0–52.7) | 0/5 (0.0) | (0.0–73.8) | 0/5 (0.0) | (0.0–73.8) | 3/24 (12.5) | (2.6–36.5) | 3/52 (5.8) | (1.2–16.9) | |
| Unknown | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 1/5 (20.0) | (0.5–111.4) | 0/2 (0.0) | (0.0–184.4) | 1/8 (12.5) | (0.3–69.7) | |
| Health system useda | Public | 19/314 (6.1) | (3.6–9.5) | 18/208 (8.7) | (5.1–13.7) | 20/156 (12.8) | (7.8–19.8) | 16/125 (12.8) | (7.3–20.8) | 13/135 (9.6) | (5.1–16.5) | 86/938 (9.2) | (7.3–11.3) |
| Private | 0/7 (0.0) | (0.0–52.7) | 0/3 (0.0) | (0.0–123.0) | 0/4 (0.0) | (0.0–92.2) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/9 (0.0) | (0.0–41.0) | 0/24 (0.0) | (0.0–15.4) | |
| N.A. | 1/2 (50.0) | (1.3–278.6) | 0/2 (0.0) | (0.0–184.4) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/0 (0.0) | (0.0–100.0) | 1/5 (20.0) | (0.5–111.4) | |
| Educational facility usedb | Public | 7/142 (4.9) | (2.0–10.2) | 3/34 (8.8) | (1.8–25.8) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 10/176 (5.7) | (2.7–10.5) |
| Private | 1/17 (5.9) | (0.2–32.8) | 0/3 (0.0) | (0.0–123.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 1/20 (5.0) | (0.1–27.9) | |
| N.A. | 12/164 (7.3) | (3.8–12.8) | 15/176 (8.5) | (4.8–14.1) | 20/160 (12.5) | (7.6–19.3) | 16/127 (12.6) | (7.2–20.5) | 13/144 (9.0) | (4.8–15.4) | 76/771 (9.9) | (7.8–12.3) | |
| Vaccination status | Yes | 8/167 (4.8) | (2.1–9.4) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/3 (0.0) | (0.0–123.0) | 2/3 (66.7) | (8.1–240.8) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 10/174 (5.8) | (2.8–10.6) |
| No | 12/142 (8.5) | (4.4–14.8) | 18/212 (8.5) | (5.0–13.4) | 20/157 (12.7) | (7.8–19.7) | 14/123 (11.4) | (6.2–19.1) | 13/144 (9.0) | (4.8–15.4) | 77/778 (9.9) | (7.8–12.4) | |
| Unknown | 0/14 (0.0) | (0.0–26.4) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/15 (0.0) | (0.0–24.6) | |
| History of Meningitis | Yes | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/2 (0.0) | (0.0–184.4) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/2 (0.0) | (0.0–184.4) | 0/7 (0.0) | (0.0–52.7) |
| No | 20/322 (6.2) | (3.8–9.6) | 18/212 (8.5) | (5.0–13.4) | 20/158 (12.7) | (7.7–19.6) | 16/123 (13.0) | (7.4–21.1) | 13/140 (9.3) | (4.9–15.9) | 87/955 (9.1) | (7.3–11.2) | |
| Unknown | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/3 (0.0) | (0.0–123.0) | 0/2 (0.0) | (0.0–184.4) | 0/5 (0.0) | (0.0–73.8) | |
| History of meningitis and contacts with meningitis affected patients | Yes | 1/4 (25.0) | (0.6–139.3) | 1/6 (16.7) | (0.4–92.9) | 1/3 (33.3) | (0.8–185.7) | 0/4 (0.0) | (0.0–92.2) | 1/7 (14.3) | (0.4–79.6) | 4/24 (16.7) | (4.5–42.7) |
| No | 19/318 (6.0) | (3.6–9.3) | 17/205 (8.3) | (4.8–13.3) | 19/151 (12.6) | (7.6–19.6) | 15/118 (12.7) | (7.1–21.0) | 12/130 (9.2) | (4.8–16.1) | 82/922 (8.9) | (7.1–11.0) | |
| Unknown | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/2 (0.0) | (0.0–184.4) | 0/6 (0.0) | (0.0–61.5) | 1/5 (20.0) | (0.5–111.4) | 0/7 (0.0) | (0.0–52.7) | 1/21 (4.8) | (0.1–26.5) | |
| Use of antibiotics | Yes | 6/106 (5.7) | (2.1–12.3) | 2/35 (5.7) | (0.7–20.6) | 0/16 (0.0) | (0.0–23.1) | 2/17 (11.8) | (1.4–42.5) | 0/19 (0.0) | (0.0–19.4) | 10/193 (5.2) | (2.5–9.5) |
| No | 13/214 (6.1) | (3.2–10.4) | 16/178 (9.0) | (5.1–14.6) | 20/144 (13.9) | (8.5–21.5) | 14/109 (12.8) | (7.0–21.6) | 13/123 (10.6) | (5.6–18.1) | 76/768 (9.9) | (7.8–12.4) | |
| Unknown | 1/3 (33.3) | (0.8–185.7) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/0 (–) | (0.0–100.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | (0.0–368.9) | 0/2 (0.0) | (0.0–184.4) | 1/6 (16.7) | (0.4–92.9) | |
N, number of subjects for whom the test was performed; n, number of N. meningitidis positive subjects in that category; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; SES, socio economic status; N.A., not applicable.
Low, per capita value ≤559 BRL (Brazilian Real); medium, per capita value between 560 and 1120 BRL; high, per capita value ≥1121 BRL.
a
Type of health insurance.
b
Applicable only for age groups ≤9 years of age.