Table 4.
Characteristics of 212 patients with candidemia according to central catheter management: early, late or no removal during the 30 days of the episode of candidemia.
| Variable | Catheter removal |
p-valuea | p-valueb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early N = 88 | Late N = 60 | No N = 64 | |||
| Male:female | 43:45 | 31:29 | 33:31 | 0.92 | 0.74 |
| Age in years, median (range) | 62.5 (12–89) | 54 (14–88) | 56 (14–92) | 0.15 | 0.03 |
| APACHE II score, median (range) | 16 (3–40) | 18 (4–43) | 25 (9–60) | <0.001 | 0.37 |
| Hematologic malignancy | 5 (5.7) | 16 (26.7) | 15 (23.4) | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| Solid tumor | 20 (22.7) | 12 (18.8) | 12 (20.0) | 0.82 | 0.69 |
| Diabetes | 20 (22.7) | 19 (31.7) | 16 (25.0) | 0.47 | 0.23 |
| Renal failure | 36 (40.9) | 34 (56.7) | 42 (65.5) | 0.008 | 0.06 |
| Cardiac disease | 44 (50.0) | 26 (43.3) | 25 (39.1) | 0.39 | 0.42 |
| Lung disease | 13 (14.8) | 6 (10.0) | 9 (14.1) | 0.68 | 0.39 |
| Cirrhosis | 5 (5.7) | 3 (5.0) | 7 (10.9) | 0.35 | 0.86 |
| Abdominal surgery | 24 (27.3) | 17 (28.3) | 20 (31.3) | 0.86 | 0.89 |
| Receipt of corticosteroids | 32 (36.4) | 25 (43.3) | 39 (60.9) | 0.01 | 0.39 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 48 (54.5) | 25 (41.7) | 44 (68.8) | 0.01 | 0.12 |
| Mucositis | 0 | 9 (13.3) | 4 (6.3) | 0.003 | <0.001 |
| Neutropenia | 1 (1.1) | 10 (16.7) | 10 (15.6) | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Parenteral nutrition | 22 (25.0) | 9 (15.0) | 12 (18.8) | 0.31 | 0.14 |
| Bacteremia | 21 (23.9) | 14 (23.3) | 19 (27.9) | 0.65 | 0.94 |
| Candida species | |||||
| C. albicans | 36 (40.9) | 19 (31.7) | 30 (46.9) | 0.22 | 0.25 |
| C. tropicalis | 22 (25.0) | 16 (26.7) | 14 (21.9) | 0.82 | 0.82 |
| C. parapsilosis | 21 (23.9) | 15 (25.0) | 4 (6.3) | 0.008 | 0.87 |
| C. glabrata | 3 (3.4) | 4 (6.7) | 9 (14.1) | 0.05 | 0.36 |
| Received treatment | 76 (86.4) | 54 (90.0) | 29 (45.3) | <0.001 | 0.51 |
| Treatment with an azole | 45/76 (59.2) | 31/54 (57.4) | 16/29 (55.2) | 0.93 | 0.84 |
| Treatment with d-AMB | 19/76 (25.0) | 14/54 (25.9) | 10/29 (34.5) | 0.60 | 0.90 |
| Treatment with an echinocandin | 3/76 (3.9) | 4/54 (7. 4) | 2/29 (6.9) | 0.67 | 0.39 |
| 30-day mortality | 49 (55.7) | 24 (40.0) | 60 (93.8) | 0.001 | 0.06 |
Note: N are numbers (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated. Early removal, within 48 h of treatment initiation; Late removal, beyond 48 h of treatment initiation. APACHE, Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation; d-AMB, deoxycholate amphotericin B.
a
p-value reflects the comparison between early, late and no CVC removal while.
b
p-value compares early vs. late catheter removal.